KEY FACTS Terminology Gas-forming upper UTI involving renal parenchyma &/or perinephric space You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Purulent &/or necrotic intraparenchymal or perinephric collection arising from unresolved pyelonephritis You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
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KEY FACTS Terminology Rare, nonhereditary, benign cystic renal neoplasm containing epithelial and stromal components a.k.a. cystic nephroma, multilocular cystic renal tumor, cystic hamartoma You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Presence of 3 or more renal cysts per kidney in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who do not have hereditary cystic disease Occurs predominantly in patients on long-term dialysis (peritoneal or hemodialysis) In up to 13% of patients with CKD prior to dialysis You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If…
KEY FACTS Terminology Benign, fluid-filled nonneoplastic renal lesion not meeting criteria of simple renal cyst, Bosniak classes II, IIF, and III You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Benign, fluid-filled, nonneoplastic renal lesion You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Dilation of renal collecting (pelvicalyceal) system ± ureteral dilation from intrinsic or extrinsic cause Renal collecting system dilation, pelvicalyceal dilatation, pelvocaliectasis You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Medullary nephrocalcinosis (NC), cortical NC Calcification of renal parenchyma You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Urinary tract stone, urinary calculous disease, nephrolithiasis, ureterolithiasis, vesicolithiasis Macroscopic concretions of crystals in urinary system, sometimes mixed with proteins You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Also known as pelviureteric junction obstruction Obstruction of urine flow at level of UPJ Congenital or acquired You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Strict definition: Ureter not inserting into bladder trigone Common usage: Ureter terminating outside bladder You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Presence of 2 separate pelvicalyceal collecting systems draining 1 kidney, which may join above bladder (partial), drain into bladder separately (complete), or beyond bladder You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Congenital anomaly in which kidneys are fused at their lower poles in midline You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Aberrant location of kidney Separated into multiple categories, of which simple renal ectopia (RE) and crossed-fused ectopia (CFE) are most common You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Definition Defect or line representing incomplete embryologic fusion of 2 primary renal lobes: Upper and lower poles of kidney Synonyms Junctional parenchymal defect Interrenuncular septum You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Hypertrophic band of normal cortical tissue that separates pyramids of renal medulla You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
GROSS ANATOMY Ureters Muscular tubes (25-30 cm long) that carry urine from kidneys to bladder Course In abdomen, retroperitoneal location – Proximal ureters lie in perirenal space – Mid ureters lie over psoas muscles slightly medial to tips of L2-L5 transverse process In pelvis, lie anterior to sacroiliac joints crossing common iliac artery bifurcation near pelvic brim – Lie anterior to internal iliac vessels and course…
GROSS ANATOMY Overview Kidneys are paired, bean-shaped, retroperitoneal organs Function – Removal of excess water, salts, and wastes of protein metabolism from blood – Regulation of water and electrolyte balance – Secretion of hormones that control blood pressure, bone and blood production Anatomic Relationships Located in retroperitoneum, within perirenal space, surrounded by renal fascia (of Gerota) Each adult kidney is ~ 9-14 cm in length, 5…
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