Acute inflammatory and infectious soft tissue disorders are important conditions that affect nearly 2 million people in the United States every year. Inflammation versus infection of the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and muscles is often difficult to differentiate clinically, and early…
Pelvic Fractures Howard J. O’Rourke Georges Y. El-Khoury Osseous Emergencies Mechanisms and Patterns of Fractures of the Pelvis The pelvis is a complex series of articulations supported by a strong ligamentous network. The posterior ligaments are the strongest ( Fig. 16-1 ).…
Hip/Proximal Femur Alan Rogers Joseph S. Yu The hip is a common site of trauma and when injured can have a significant impact on the patient’s well-being. Worldwide the total number of hip fractures is expected to exceed 6 million by the…
Shoulder Hamid Torshizy Tudor H. Hughes Christine B. Chung The shoulder girdle is a general term describing a complex network of soft tissue and osseous structures, demarcated by numerous joints, which serve to both suspend and connect the upper extremity to the torso.…
Gastric and Duodenal Emergencies Vincent M. Mellnick Christine Menias The upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, is a common but potentially overlooked site of disease that may prompt presentation to the emergency department (ED), including inflammation and infection,…
Firearm-related injury is the second leading cause of death following motor vehicle collision. For every firearm death it is estimated that there are three to five other nonfatal firearm injuries. These injuries have become a major public health problem, creating…
Computed Tomography Protocols and Scan Optimization Thorsten R. Fleiter Krystal Archer-Arroyo Trauma is one of the leading causes of mortality in the United States, responsible for approximately 100,000 deaths per year. The majority of the trauma cases are due to blunt force,…
With chest pain representing one of the most common presenting symptoms in the emergency department (ED), radiologists are frequently called upon for the noninvasive evaluation of aortic and pulmonary vascular diseases. Adequate assessment relies on the ability to understand the…
Use of imaging services in the emergency department (ED) continues to outpace the growth of actual ED patient visits. This imaging surge places the emergency radiologist at the forefront of acute care. Chest imaging constitutes a large percentage of examinations…
Nonmediastinal Injury Chest trauma is directly responsible for 25% of all trauma deaths and is a major contributor in another 50% of all trauma mortality. Chest trauma may be blunt (90% of cases) or penetrating. Blunt thoracic injuries are the…