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Contrast-Induced Nephropathy

KEY FACTS Terminology Acute kidney injury (AKI) within 24-48 hours following intravascular administration of contrast material (CM); must exclude other causes of AKI AKI: Absolute increase in serum creatinine of 0.5 mg/dL or relative 25% increase from baseline value Imaging Delayed nephrogram on subsequent CT or KUB Top Differential Diagnoses AKI Other causes of AKI, such as nephrotoxic drugs, prerenal azotemia, urinary obstruction, etc. It may…

Perinephric Hematoma

KEY FACTS Terminology Hemorrhagic collection in perinephric spaces: Subcapsular, perirenal, anterior and posterior pararenal You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Renal Trauma

KEY FACTS Imaging Best diagnostic clue: Renal parenchymal defect with perirenal hemorrhage ± extravasation of blood/urine CT findings Laceration: Linear, hypoattenuating defect Segmental renal infarct: Sharply demarcated, wedge-shaped area of decreased enhancement Global infarction (nonenhancement) and no perinephric hematoma: Renal artery thrombosis Global infarction (nonenhancement) and perinephric hematoma: Renal artery avulsion Protocol advice: If renal laceration is evident, obtain 10- to 12-minute delayed scans Top Differential…

Renal Lipomatosis

KEY FACTS Terminology Fatty tissue proliferation in renal sinus (renal sinus lipomatosis) that in extreme cases can replace renal parenchyma (renal replacement lipomatosis) You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Chronic Renal Failure

KEY FACTS Terminology Chronic kidney disease Kidney damage or decreased renal function for ≥ 3 months You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

HIV Nephropathy

KEY FACTS Terminology HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) Progressive chronic renal disease in patients with HIV infection histologically, characterized by focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (collapsing glomerulopathy) You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Renal Papillary Necrosis

KEY FACTS Terminology Necrosis of renal papilla within medulla secondary to interstitial nephritis or ischemia You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Acute Tubular Necrosis

KEY FACTS Terminology Renal cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) characterized by tubular epithelial cell damage from toxins or ischemia You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Glomerulonephritis

KEY FACTS Terminology Inflammation and proliferation of glomerular tissue You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Hydronephrosis

KEY FACTS Terminology Dilatation of collecting system You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here