Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesions of HIV

KEY FACTS Terminology 3-tiered classification Persistent generalized parotid lymphadenopathy: Solid intraparotid lesions Benign lymphoepithelial lesions (BLEL): Mixed solid and cystic lesions Benign lymphoepithelial (BLE) cysts: Cystic lesions You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Parotid Space Overview

Summary Thoughts: Parotid Space The parotid space (PS) lies in the lateral suprahyoid neck in the cheek anterior to the external auditory canal (EAC). The main content of the PS is the parotid gland, but many other critical structures, such as the facial nerve (CNVII), external carotid branches, and intraparotid lymph nodes, also lie within the boundaries of this space. The PS is traditionally divided into…

Masticator Space Sarcoma

KEY FACTS Terminology Masticator space (MS) sarcoma: Malignant tumor of soft tissue origin (fat, muscle, nerve, joint, blood vessel, or deep skin tissues) in MS of suprahyoid neck You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Masticator Space Abscess

KEY FACTS Terminology Definition: Abscess in masticator space (MS) from molar tooth infection or following dental procedure You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Radiology and Other Imaging-Related Organizations

1 What is the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA)? The RSNA is the largest international professional association in radiology and has a mission to promote excellence in patient care and health care delivery through education, research, and technological innovation. It publishes Radiology , the “gray journal,” which is the highest-impact scientific radiology journal, along with RadioGraphics for continuing medical education in radiology. Its annual meeting…

Medicolegal Issues in Diagnostic Imaging

1 Define medical negligence. Negligence is the failure to possess and apply the knowledge that is possessed or applied by reasonable physicians practicing in similar circumstances. 2 What must be proven for a physician to be found liable for malpractice? Establishment of physician-patient relationship. Breach of the duty of care. Adverse outcome with injury or harm. Direct causality between negligence and outcome. 3 Outline the history…

Training Pathways in Diagnostic Imaging

1 Why choose radiology? Radiology is an incredibly dynamic medical specialty in which different imaging modalities are used to both diagnose and treat diseases. It has been said that the radiologist is the “eye” of medicine: each day, radiologists take on the challenge of examining a study and assimilating elements from the clinical history to transform a 2-dimensional image into a living, unfolding narrative. The radiologist…

Imaging of Child Abuse

1 What are key history and physical examination findings that may raise suspicion of the possibility of nonaccidental trauma (NAT)? Red flags from the history that should lead the clinician and radiologist to consider child abuse include injuries that are not commensurate with the development of the child, a delay in seeking care, or vague or changing stories given by caretakers. Physical examination findings that the…

Pediatric Musculoskeletal Radiology

1 How does growing bone respond to trauma, and how is this different from mature bone? The cartilaginous physis separates the epiphysis from the metaphysis. Pediatric ligaments and tendons are relatively stronger than growing bone (in contrast to adults). Given an equivalent force applied to growing versus mature bone, the growing bone has a higher likelihood of fracture. In addition, immature bone has a propensity to…

Pediatric Neuroradiology

1 How does myelinated brain differ from nonmyelinated brain on an infant magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination? Where does one expect to see myelinization occur first? Myelinated brain white matter, as in adults, appears hyperintense relative to gray matter on T1-weighted MR images and hypointense on T2-weighted images. In nonmyelinated brain, this pattern is reversed. Myelinization of the infant brain occurs in a predictable pattern, beginning…

Pediatric Genitourinary Radiology

1 What is the role of the radiologist in pediatric urinary tract infection (UTI)? UTI that occurs and recurs in some children is the result of many interrelated factors, most of which the radiologist cannot assess. Generally, UTI results when bacterial virulence outweighs host resistance. One important factor affecting host resistance that the radiologist can assess is whether there is impairment of unidirectional flow of urine…