Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Groin pain. This symptom is common in footballers and athletes. The adductor tendons are seen to arise from the body of the pubis and can be identified with ultrasound in a coronal oblique plane. Hypoechogenic fluid is seen around the tendon in tendinopathy. Cortical irregularity is seen in enthesopathy. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Pain. This symptom is common in soccer players. Under ultrasound, the symphysis pubis is identified in the midline between the two pubic bodies. Hypoechogenic fluid is seen in the joint or capsular thickening. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Pain in the iliotibial tract typically results from overuse by runners or other athletes, or from poor lower limb biomechanics. The proximal part is more commonly affected in females. The iliotibial tract is affected at the level of the iliac tubercle or the greater trochanter and can be a cause of clunking. On examination, the patient’s pain can be elicited on…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Pain and clicking in the anterior hip. These symptoms are common in young ballet dancers and in patients who have just undergone a hip replacement, especially one performed using a hip resurfacing procedure due to the large acetabular cup. The iliopsoas tendon is identified in cross section as hyperechoic when looking transversely with the ultrasound probe. It sits underneath the iliopsoas…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Pain in the lateral side of the hip. The injection is used to confirm the cause of hip pain as coming from the greater trochanteric bursa rather than the spine. Identify the greater trochanter and the tendons of the rotator cuff of the hip overlying this. Hypoechogenic fluid is seen in one of the many bursae if there is a bursitis.…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Pain in the hip. An injection may be used to determine whether the pain arises from the hip joint rather than referred pain from the spine. The femoral head and neck are identified by providing a scan plane along the neck in a coronal oblique plane. Hypoechogenic fluid is seen underneath the iliofemoral ligament if an effusion is present. Equipment and…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings The purpose of the injection is to resolve pain in the hip. The injection is used to confirm the cause of hip pain as coming from the hip rather than the spine. The femoral head and neck are identified by providing a scan plane along the neck in a coronal oblique plane. Hypoechogenic fluid is seen underneath the iliofemoral ligament if…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Trigger finger is the result of stenosing tenosynovitis which may be the result of repeated mechanical use – for example, gripping a hand tool for a long time. It is also associated with rheumatoid arthritis, gout, complications of diabetes and Dupuytren’s contractures. The condition is more common in women than in men and most frequently occurs between the ages of 40…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Inflammatory arthritis or chronic overuse due to occupational or athletic activities may cause tendinopathy or tenosynovitis of the flexor tendons. Pain and palpable swelling occurs at the affected area. The tendon sheath is distended with fluid (tenosynovitis). A hypoechoic appearance is typical, and synovial tissue with or without neovascularity may be seen in and around the tendon (tendinopathy). You’re Reading a…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Reasons for the injection include inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis. Functionally limiting pain and swelling should be present. Findings may include hypoechoic fluid and tissue (synovial proliferation) with or without neovascularity bulging out of the joint, bony protrusions (osteophytes) and cortical defects visible in two planes (erosions). You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited…

You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Reasons for the injection include inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis. Functionally limiting pain and swelling should be present. Findings may include hypoechoic fluid and tissue (synovial proliferation) with or without neovascularity bulging out of the joint, bony protrusions (osteophytes) and cortical defects visible in two planes (erosions). You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Ganglia of the wrist are cystic lesions filled with fluid that derive from the degeneration of periarticular or peritendinous soft tissues. The lesions present either as palpable asymptomatic swellings (cosmetic deformity) or as painful or tender masses. Pain results from pressure on the capsule. The occult dorsal ganglion is a small, painful lesion at the dorsal side of the wrist that…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Carpal tunnel syndrome results from compression of the median nerve at the level of the wrist due to abnormal anatomy (thick retinaculum, accessory muscles, etc.), systematic conditions (diabetes, pregnancy, etc.) and space-occupying lesions (flexor tendon tenosynovitis, ganglia, etc.). Symptoms include numbness and burning pain of the thumb, the index and middle fingers and on the radial side of the ring finger;…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Inflammatory arthritis or chronic overuse due to occupational or athletic activities may cause tendinopathy or tenosynovitis of the extensor wrist tendons. Common sites of the disease include compartment I (de Quervain’s tenosynovitis), the compartment I and II intersection area (intersection syndrome) and compartment VI at the level of the ulnar head. Pain and palpable swelling at the affected area may be…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Chronic overuse due to repetitive movements of the thumb (typists, mothers feeding babies) or athletic activities (tennis, golf) may cause tendinopathy of the first compartment extensor wrist tendons. Pain and palpable swelling at the affected area may be observed. Thickening and hypoechogenicity of the extensor retinaculum, enlargement of the tendons, heterogenous/hypoechoic appearance of the tendon and synovial tissue with or without…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Reasons for the injection include inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis. Functionally limiting pain and swelling may be present. Findings may include hypoechoic fluid as well as tissue (synovial proliferation) with or without neovascularity bulging out of the joint, bony protrusions (osteophytes) and loss of integrity at the articular surface, visible in two planes (erosions). You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Reasons for the injection include inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis. Functionally limiting pain and swelling may be present. Ulnar-sided wrist pain can be referred from this joint. Findings may include hypoechoic fluid and tissue (synovial proliferation) with or without neovascularity bulging out of the joint. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Compression of the ulnar nerve at the level of the elbow is due to anatomy (thickened Osborne ligament, accessory muscles such as anconeus epitrochlearis), systematic conditions (diabetes, pregnancy, etc.) and space-occupying lesions (ganglia, etc.). Numbness and burning pain in the ring and little fingers may be noted, along with motor deficit and wasting of hypothenar muscles (long-standing cases). Findings include an…