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Wilms Tumor

KEY FACTS Terminology Malignant tumor of primitive metanephric blastema Accounts for 90% of pediatric renal tumors 80% of cases in children < 5 years old You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Renal Lymphoma

KEY FACTS Imaging CECT Multiple bilateral renal masses (40-60%) Homogeneous, mild enhancement (10-20 HU) Retroperitoneal adenopathy (25%), splenomegaly, or lymphadenopathy at other sites Infiltration of renal parenchyma or sinus with maintenance of reniform shape; may simulate transitional cell carcinoma Extranodal sites: Bowel, brain, liver, bone marrow MR T1: Iso- to slightly hypointense T2: Typically hypointense T1WI C+ FS: Mild enhancement US Solid, hypoechoic lesions relative to…

Collecting Duct Carcinoma

KEY FACTS Terminology Rare, aggressive neoplasm arising in renal medulla Synonym: Duct of Bellini carcinoma You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Medullary Carcinoma

KEY FACTS Terminology Highly aggressive, infiltrative malignancy arising in collecting duct You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Renal Cell Carcinoma

KEY FACTS Imaging 2% of sporadic renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) are bilateral, and 16-25% of sporadic RCCs are multicentric in same kidney Exophytic: Projects from cortical surface, distinct from parenchyma Most are hypervascular (not papillary RCC) Rarely, small areas of fat attenuation (-80 to -120 HU) Combination of fat and calcification suggests RCC, not renal angiomyolipoma (AML) Renal venous (23%) and inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor…

Renal Angiomyolipoma (AML)

KEY FACTS Terminology Benign renal tumor composed of abnormal blood vessels, smooth muscle, and adipose components Imaging Most common benign renal neoplasm 80% are incidental findings on imaging 90% are unilateral and solitary: Usually not associated with tuberous sclerosis (TSC) 10% are multiple and bilateral: Usually due to TSC 80% of TSC patients have renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) Solid, heterogeneous, renal cortical mass in adult with macroscopic…

Localized Cystic Renal Disease

KEY FACTS Terminology Benign nonneoplastic proliferation of cysts, usually within normally functioning kidney You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Lithium Nephropathy

KEY FACTS Terminology Spectrum of functional and structural renal damage caused by lithium ingestion Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and chronic renal insufficiency are most common presentations You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

von Hippel-Lindau Disease

KEY FACTS Terminology Hereditary, autosomal dominant disease affecting several organs and associated with multiple neoplasms You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here