Vomiting is common in infancy. Parents reporting that their infant is vomiting may be dealing with regurgitation from nonpathological “spitting up” after feeds, which can be normal in newborns and usually resolves over time. Clinicians fear vomiting secondary to obstruction,…
Congenital heart disease (CHD) can be a challenge for the imagers because it requires a profound knowledge of the morphological and functional characteristics of a broad range of heart defects. Moreover, complex CHD often involves palliative or corrective surgical intervention…
The mediastinum is the most common location for intrathoracic masses in children. Mediastinal masses in pediatric patients are composed of a heterogeneous group of lesions ranging from benign, asymptomatic, and incidentally detected lesions to malignant, symptomatic, and potentially life-threatening masses.…
Respiratory distress is one of the most common complaints seen in the pediatric urgent care or emergency department setting. Clinically, respiratory distress is characterized by tachypnea, increased respiratory effort, and poor oxygenation. Radiographs remain the primary imaging modality for evaluation…
Acute inflammatory and infectious soft tissue disorders are important conditions that affect nearly 2 million people in the United States every year. Inflammation versus infection of the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and muscles is often difficult to differentiate clinically, and early…
Pelvic Fractures Howard J. O’Rourke Georges Y. El-Khoury Osseous Emergencies Mechanisms and Patterns of Fractures of the Pelvis The pelvis is a complex series of articulations supported by a strong ligamentous network. The posterior ligaments are the strongest ( Fig. 16-1 ).…
Hip/Proximal Femur Alan Rogers Joseph S. Yu The hip is a common site of trauma and when injured can have a significant impact on the patient’s well-being. Worldwide the total number of hip fractures is expected to exceed 6 million by the…
Shoulder Hamid Torshizy Tudor H. Hughes Christine B. Chung The shoulder girdle is a general term describing a complex network of soft tissue and osseous structures, demarcated by numerous joints, which serve to both suspend and connect the upper extremity to the torso.…
Gastric and Duodenal Emergencies Vincent M. Mellnick Christine Menias The upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, is a common but potentially overlooked site of disease that may prompt presentation to the emergency department (ED), including inflammation and infection,…
Firearm-related injury is the second leading cause of death following motor vehicle collision. For every firearm death it is estimated that there are three to five other nonfatal firearm injuries. These injuries have become a major public health problem, creating…