1.3B.1 Introduction The introduction of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to the field of spine trauma has vastly improved the clinical diagnosis of spinal cord injury (SCI). MRI has advantages over conventional X-ray and computer tomography (CT) as it more precisely…
1.3A.1 Introduction Prior to the 1980s a diagnosis of trauma to the spinal cord was largely inferred based on either X-rays showing misalignment of the spinal column or myelography whereby interruption of the flow of contrast medium in the cerebral…
1.2.1 Introduction The spinal cord is a common site of involvement in inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). The most common such disease, multiple sclerosis, is the leading cause of nontraumatic disability in young adults, with an…
1.1.1 Introduction Neuroaxonal injury of the spinal cord occurs in a broad spectrum of clinically and pathologically heterogeneous neurodegenerative diseases, typically with serious clinical consequences for patients. Typically, the clinical syndrome produced by injury to the spinal cord includes weakness…
Acknowledgments I acknowledge Brad Hoehne, Radiology Digital Imaging Specialist (Nationwide Children’s Hospital), for preparation of figures. Back pain is common in children and tends to increase with age, especially in the early teen years. Although back pain can be the…
In the neonatal period the most frequently encountered spinal pathologies are of developmental nature. Spinal tumors or infections are exquisitely rare in neonates. Spinal trauma may occasionally be encountered and typically result from a complicated/traumatic delivery. This chapter will consequently…
The most common indication for pediatric cervical spine (C-spine) imaging is trauma. Although cervical spinal injuries are rare in children, the result can be devastating. The role of the radiologist is crucial in the early detection of cervical spinal injury…
Evaluation of pediatric head and neck masses can be challenging because the anatomy is complex and the diseases that affect the head and neck are numerous. Grouping head and neck lesions into broad categories based on anatomic location and suspected…
Approach to the Lateral Neck Radiograph The lateral neck radiograph is a relatively inexpensive, readily available, and easy-to-perform examination that is very useful for the evaluation of suspected abnormalities in the upper aerodigestive tract. In the emergency setting the lateral…
Introduction Neuroradiological imaging of the pediatric patient has undergone tremendous change since the late 2000s. Although the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is on the rise, in part because of concerns over exposing children to medical radiation, there is…