Introduction Intracranial vascular malformations represent approximately 6% of all diseases that affect the central nervous system. They are classified according to their hemodynamic patterns in terms of arterial malformations (aneurysms), arteriovenous shunts (cerebral arteriovenous malformations), dural and pial fistulae, venous…
Introduction Brainstem and cerebellar arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare vascular lesions that represent a minority of all intracranial AVMs. Although they are often grouped together, their specific anatomic location within the posterior fossa has important clinical implications for prognosis and…
Cavernous malformations (CMs) have long been recognized as one of the major clinicopathologic categories of vascular malformations of the nervous system. CMs have been included in the descriptions of cryptic or occult vascular malformations , a term that has been…
Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are abnormal arteriovenous shunts within the dural leaflets. DAVFs have similar hemodynamics to brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), with low resistance, high-flow arteriovenous shunting, and a higher annual rupture risk than AVMs. They are usually located within…
Introduction Aneurysms of the intracranial vertebral artery (VA) and posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) can be challenging to treat effectively, given the narrow surgical corridors of the posterior fossa, the presence of brainstem perforators, and the frequent need for advanced…
Aneurysms of the vertebral artery–posterior inferior cerebellar artery (VA-PICA) complex can originate from any portion of the intradural VA up to the vertebrobasilar junction and from one of the five PICA segments. During the past decade, the treatment of these…
Acknowledgments The authors thank the staff of Neuroscience Publications at Barrow Neurological Institute for their assistance with the preparation of this manuscript. Background Aneurysms of the midbasilar and lower basilar artery (BA) are located below the level of the superior…
Background In the early 1940s, following surgery for a posterior fossa aneurysm that ultimately took the life of the patient, Walter Dandy stated, “I know of no successful outcome from operative attack upon an aneurysm of the posterior cranial fossa,…
Acknowledgment The authors wish to thank Anette Krueger and Luzie Hofman for her medical illustrations. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is one of the most common sites for the formation of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). In Finland, middle cerebral artery aneurysms…
The anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm is the most common aneurysm encountered in neurosurgical practice, accounting for one-quarter to one-third of all microsurgically treated aneurysms in published experiences and 18.4% of the senior author’s experience with 4545 aneurysms. This aneurysm…