Degenerative Endplate Changes

KEY FACTS Terminology Vertebral endplate change, Modic changes Type I, II, III endplate change MR signal abnormalities involving vertebral body endplates related to degenerative disc disease Type I: Hypointense on T1, hyperintense on T2 Type II: Hyperintense on T1, isointense on T2 Type III: Hypointense on T1 and T2 Top Differential Diagnoses Disc space infection Pseudoarthrosis/nonunion Seronegative spondyloarthropathy Metastatic disease Pathology Type I: Replacement with fibrovascular…

Degenerative Disc Disease

KEY FACTS Terminology Generalized and multifactorial process affecting discovertebral unit, leading to biomechanical/morphologic alterations Asymptomatic or associated with back/neck pain ± radiculopathy Imaging Loss of disc space height, vacuum phenomenon seen as low signal within disc Degenerative endplate changes I → III T2 shows loss of signal from nucleus, loss of horizontal nuclear cleft Disc may show linear enhancement with degenerative disc disease, enhancement within Schmorl…