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Cellular Ependymoma

KEY FACTS Terminology Neoplasm arising from ependyma lining spinal cord central canal Imaging Circumscribed, enhancing hemorrhagic cord mass with surrounding edema Associated cysts common Cervical > thoracic > conus T1WI: Isointense or slightly hypointense to spinal cord T2WI: Hyperintense relative to spinal cord Cap sign: Hemosiderin at cranial or caudal margin Most tumors enhance Peripheral enhancement of tumoral cysts Top Differential Diagnoses Astrocytoma Hemangioblastoma Demyelinating disease…

Astrocytoma

KEY FACTS Terminology Primary neoplasm of astrocytic origin within spinal cord Imaging Fusiform expansion of cord with enhancing component of variable morphology Almost always enhances Cervical > thoracic Usually ≤ 4 segments Occasionally multisegmental, even holocord (more common with pilocytic astrocytoma) ± cyst/syrinx (fluid slightly T1 hyperintense to CSF) Hyperintense on proton density and T2WI MR Top Differential Diagnoses Ependymoma Hemangioblastoma Metastasis Syringohydromyelia Autoimmune or inflammatory…

Paraganglioma

KEY FACTS Terminology Synonyms: Glomus tumor, extraadrenal pheochromocytoma, chemodectoma You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Neurofibroma

KEY FACTS Terminology Neoplasm containing Schwann cells, fibroblasts, myxoid material, and peripheral nerve fibers You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Schwannoma

KEY FACTS Terminology Neurinoma, neurilemmoma (outdated terms) Neoplasm of nerve sheath (Schwann cells) You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Chordoma

KEY FACTS Terminology Malignant tumor arising from notochord remnants You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Osteosarcoma

KEY FACTS Terminology Sarcoma containing osteoid matrix produced directly by malignant cells You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Chondrosarcoma

KEY FACTS Terminology Malignant tumor of connective tissue characterized by formation of cartilage matrix by tumor cells You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Osteochondroma

KEY FACTS Terminology Osteochondroma (OC) Osteocartilaginous exostosis, exostosis Cartilage-capped osseous growth contiguous with parent bone You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here