Synonyms/Description Septic pelvic thrombophlebitis (SPT) Etiology Ovarian vein thrombosis is a rare but potentially severe postpartum complication, occurring 80% to 90% of the time on the right side, and with a reported incidence of 1:600 to 1:2000 deliveries. Ovarian vein…
Synonyms/Description Adnexal torsion Etiology Torsion is defined as the twisting by at least one complete turn of the adnexa, ovary, or (rarely) the tube only around the infundibulo-pelvic and tubo-ovarian ligament, resulting in ischemia. It occurs more frequently on the…
Synonyms/Description Ovarian carcinoma or adenocarcinoma Etiology Ovarian cancer is the second most common (endometrial is number one) genital tract malignancy (1% to 2% lifetime risk) and the most deadly (overall 5-year survival of 45%). Familial predisposition accounts for 5% to…
Synonyms/Description Echogenic foci or “bright spots” of the ovary Most commonly thought to represent calcified corpora albicans Etiology In a study by Brown and colleagues, small ovarian calcifications (1 to 3 mm) were found in more than half of women…
Synonyms/Description Congenital uterine anomalies Etiology Congenital anomalies of uterine shape occur in 3% to 4% of all women. The prevalence in women with infertility and early miscarriage is up to 10%, and as high as 25% in those with midtrimester…
Synonyms/Description One of the epithelial-stromal tumors containing mucoid material Etiology Most mucinous cystadenomas are benign tumors, although 20% can be borderline (low malignant potential) or malignant. Benign mucinous cystadenomas represent 20% to 25% of all benign ovarian tumors and occur…
Synonyms/Description Secondary ovarian tumor Krukenberg tumor (originating mostly from the gastrointestinal tract) Etiology Metastatic tumors to the ovary account for approximately 20% of ovarian malignancies. The most common primary origins for metastatic disease to the ovary include colon, stomach, breast,…
Synonyms/Description Lymphadenopathy Etiology Lymph nodes are common sites of metastatic disease in gynecologic tumors and are an important prognostic factor in these malignancies. For example, the 5-year survival for a patient with vulvar cancer and normal nodes is 90%, compared…
Synonyms/Description Benign metastasizing leiomyoma Etiology This is caused by intravascular proliferation of a smooth muscle, leiomyoma-like tumor, which is noninvading locally, but grows within venous channels of the uterus and pelvis as serpiginous tubular masses. This growth can be extensive…
Synonyms/Description Mirena ParaGard IUD IUCD (intrauterine contraceptive device) LARC (long-acting reversible contraception) Etiology The uterus may be too small to accommodate an intrauterine device (IUD) or the IUD may not open normally because of placement or anatomic abnormalities or it…