Synonyms/Description Malignant germ cell tumor diagnosed predominantly in young adults ages 20 to 30. The most common benign germ cell tumor is the mature teratoma, commonly called a dermoid cyst (see Dermoid Cyst ). Etiology Primitive germ cell tumors include…
Synonyms/Description Mature cystic teratoma Etiology This is a benign germ cell tumor containing ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, thought to arise from a single germ cell. Components may include hair, teeth, fat, and bone. These tumors represent 25% of all ovarian…
Synonyms/Description Benign ovarian tumor that arises from surface epithelium and underlying cortical connective tissue of the ovary. Etiology These are rare benign ovarian tumors representing less than 2% of benign ovarian neoplasms. Originally thought to be fibrous variants of cystadenomas…
Synonyms/Description Simple cyst Clear ovarian cyst Etiology A simple ovarian cyst is a clear, thin-walled, unilocular cyst. Premenopausal Simple cysts up to 3 cm in maximal diameter are considered normal physiologic follicles in cycling women, and thus should not be…
Synonyms/Description Functional cyst (corpus luteum) No synonym for hemorrhagic cyst Etiology The corpus luteum (CL) is a transient structure formed as a result of ovulation, due to the midcycle luteinizing hormone surge from the pituitary gland. The CL is responsible…
Synonyms/Description Uterine dehiscence Etiology Cesarean sections (C-sections) are performed in the United States at the rate of 20% to 50% of deliveries depending on clinical environment and demographics. The C-section scar is readily visible sonographically in the nonpregnant uterus as…
Synonyms/Description None Etiology Cervical cancer accounts for the majority of cervical malignancies and is second to breast cancer in incidence worldwide. Approximately 85% to 95% of cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinomas and develop at the squamous-columnar junction. Adenocarcinomas represent…
Synonyms/Description Transitional cell tumor of the ovary Typically asymptomatic, rare, benign ovarian tumor Etiology These tumors account for approximately 3.2% of ovarian epithelial neoplasms and typically occur in the fourth to sixth decades of life. They belong to the combined…
Synonyms/Description Pelvic masses related to bowel such as appendicitis, endometriosis, colon cancer, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, lymphoma, sarcoma, or other bowel-specific diseases identified on a pelvic ultrasound Etiology There are multiple etiologies in this grouping of bowel diseases. The…
Synonyms/Description Tumor of low malignant potential (LMP tumor) Etiology Ten to fifteen percent of epithelial ovarian tumors are considered borderline malignancies. They tend to occur in women in their forties and fifties, younger than those with frankly invasive tumors, and…