“It is much more important to know what sort of patient has a disease than what sort of a disease a patient has.” William Osler 1849–1919 Symptoms relating to vascular insufficiency are common complaints among patients presenting to emergency departments…
Given the rapid expansion of interventional radiology (IR) and wide adoption of its treatments in medical guidelines, there is increasing patient and clinician expectation for IR teams that can provide high-quality treatments in a safe and effective manner. Delivering this…
Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank Shundra Dinkins, Toni Acfalle, and Dana Murphy for their expertise in preparation of this manuscript. The authors also would like to acknowledge Jozef M. Brozyna, Suma Chandra, Hank K. Chen, Gina D. Tran,…
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Synonyms/Description Early menopause Ovarian insufficiency Etiology Premature ovarian failure (POF) occurs in women under the age of 40 and is characterized by amenorrhea, hypoestrogenism, and elevated gonadotropins. It affects an estimated 1% of women, including 0.1% under age 30. Most…
Synonyms/Description None Etiology Endometrial polyps are relatively common intrauterine lesions that are typically benign and often asymptomatic. Hyperplastic/proliferative polyp is the most common type of polyp; it represents overgrowth of endometrial glands and stroma. Clinically they can be associated with…
Synonyms/Description Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) Stein-Leventhal syndrome Etiology Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, occurring in 4% to 6% of the female population. PCOS is a complex of symptoms often associated…
Synonyms/Description Ectopic location of kidney—normal variant Etiology The incidence of pelvic kidney is reported as being between 1 in 2200 and 1 in 3000. The normal human kidney migrates to the renal fossa from a pelvic location early in embryonic…
Synonyms/Description Varicose veins of the pelvis Etiology Although the etiology of pelvic congestion syndrome is unclear, it appears that gross dilatation, valve incompetence, and reflux of the ovarian veins may be causal. Anatomic and/or hormonal factors may lead to insufficiency…
Synonyms/Description Adnexal cyst, mesothelial or paramesonephric cyst Etiology Paratubal and paraovarian cysts arise from the broad ligament. They constitute 10% of adnexal masses. They are usually benign but may rarely (reportedly 2%) contain malignant or borderline elements. Etiologies for paratubal…