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Synonyms/Description Bladder tumor Focal bladder lesion Etiology Transitional Cell Cancer In the United States, bladder cancer is reportedly the fourth most common malignancy. The vast majority of bladder neoplasms arise from the epithelium, with urothelial (transitional cell) carcinoma accounting for…

Synonyms/Description Endometrial atrophy Etiology Endometrial atrophy is most often the result of postmenopausal status, although it may also occur in premenopausal women with lack of estrogen from other etiologies. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full…

Synonyms/Description A mucocele is an appendiceal mass characterized by hypersecretion of mucus contained within the appendix causing dilatation of the lumen. Etiology Mucoceles of the appendix are caused by excessive mucous production secondary to retention cyst (simple) (18%), mucosal hyperplasia…

Synonyms/Description Benign adhesions trapping fluid Etiology Peritoneal inclusion cysts develop from peritoneal adhesions trapping fluid, often generated from an active ovary. The normal peritoneum absorbs fluid regularly. When the peritoneum is injured, as can occur with surgery, infection, or endometriosis,…

Synonyms/Description Endometriosis of the uterus or myometrium Etiology Adenomyosis is defined pathologically when endometrial glands and stroma are found in the myometrium, distant from the endometrial cavity itself. This ectopic endometrial tissue has the ability to induce hypertrophy of the…

Breast Cancer T stage Tx The primary tumour is not assessable T0 There is no evidence of primary tumour Tis Carcinoma in situ (DCIS, LCIS, or Paget's disease without a tumour mass) T1 The tumour measures ≤ 2 cm * T1mic…

Patterns of Tumour Spread You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Pearls in Pathology Stroke Vascular Territories You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Anatomy Pearls Cervical Lymph Node Levels You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Intravascular Contrast Media Barium based contrast agents For assessment of the GI tract Based on very poorly soluble barium sulphate (BaSo 4 ) ▸ administered PO or PR Can lead to barium peritonitis if leaks into the peritoneal cavity Iodine…