Risk Incidence in USA: 12,000 deaths/y; 70 million with cervical disk disease, spondylosis, or trauma Disk disease a consequence of aging (3rd-5th decades) Present in RA, ankylosing spondylitis, and other rheumatic disorders Trauma, especially motor vehicle accidents M:F ratio: 3:2…
Risk Overall incidence in USA: Approximately 1.1 per 1000. Risk related to demographic factors: Age, gender, and race. Estimated prevalence of TIA in men is 2.7% versus 1.6% in women ages 65–69 y, and 3.6% in men versus 4.1% in…
Risk Leading cause of childhood motor disability: 2–2.5 per 1000 live births in developed countries. Incidence has not decreased despite improved perinatal care due to increased survival in premature neonates. Cerebral palsy pts undergo surgery at higher rates due to…
Risk Cerebral AVMs are rare: 1–2% cause of CVA in a younger population; mean age of diagnosis is 31 y. 55% of pts are men. Symptomatic cases: 1:100,000 per y. Found in 4.3% of population at autopsy. Of those affected,…
Risk Occurs in 1–3% of the pregnant population Perioperative Risks Increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality Protracted labor Arrested labor Uterine rupture Increased rate of cesarean section Increased rate of forceps- or vacuum-assisted delivery Worry About Increased need for…
Risk True CNH is exceedingly rare; the exact incidence is unknown. In pts with neurologic injury, it is most often associated with pulm dysfunction or shunting (aspiration, pneumonia, pulm edema, and baseline disease). Primarily seen in comatose pts. No association…
Risk Extremely rare; global estimate: 1:1,000,000 births Over 100 reported cases Perioperative Risks Airway obstruction Difficult mask ventilation and/or difficult intubation Increased ICP from craniosynostosis Coexisting congenital anomalies, especially cardiac Overview Manifestation: Craniosynostosis Polysyndactyly Cardiac defects Obesity Maxillary or mandibular…
Risk Male > female 9% of pts with recurrent syncope; history of falls Increased incidence with age, rarely below age 50 y Peripheral vascular disease Head and neck cancer Perioperative Risks Presence of CSS does not increase rate of mortality,…
Risk Rare (1:40,000 in Japan) Perioperative Risks Hypoglycemia triggered by fasting Massive rhabdomyolysis and cardiac arrest described following GA and succinylcholine. (The response may be confused with malignant hyperthermia.) No evidence that susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia is associated with the…
Risk About 5% of all primary cardiomyopathies. Idiopathic type is rare, and may be familial. 50% of pts with AL-type amyloidosis are affected. Endomyocardial fibrosis is endemic in Africa, Asia, and Central and South America. Perioperative Risk Diastolic dysfunction and…