Risk Exact incidence unknown Incidence in USA: About 1:3000 to 1:4000 live births Incidence higher in African-Americans compared to Caucasians Highest incidence in Haiti and parts of Africa Perioperative Risks CHF Arrhythmias; atrial and ventricular Pulm and systemic thromboembolism Worry…
Epidemiology Approximately a 1:1000 incidence per y, increasing with age. M:F incidence ratio: 2:1. Most common cause of heart failure; accounts for 40% of all cases. Perioperative Risks CHF exacerbation Hypotension Pulmonary edema Myocardial ischemia/infarction Acute renal failure Malignant arrhythmias/pacemaker…
Risk Relatively common inherited disorder; 0.2% or 1 in 500 Americans are affected. It is equally distributed between males and females and has no racial group predominance. The median age of clinical manifestation is 35 years, but it can manifest…
Risk Accounts for approximately ∼10,000 deaths and ∼46,000 hospitalizations per year in USA; idiopathic DCM is one of the primary indications for cardiac transplantation. Often ages ∼20–60 y old but can affect older and younger pts as well. African-Americans >…
Risk Incidence in USA: 15–20 million chronic heavy ethanol users. As much as 50% of dilated cardiomyopathy may be ethanol-related. Population at risk: Unclear; likely includes chronic ethanol users with at least 90 g of daily ETOH for at least…
Risk Overall incidence: 2 pts per 10,000 population 2% incidence due to trauma in penetrating injuries Post-cardiac surgery: Greater incidence after valve replacement (0.6%), compared to CABG (0.2%) Perioperative Risks Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial in mitigating mortality…
Risk Carcinoid is the most common GI endocrine tumor. 15 cases in 1 million population per y. Seen in fewer than 20% of pts with carcinoid. Diagnosis Urinalysis for 5-HIAA and serotonin levels Platelet serotonin levels Serum chromogranin A CT…
Risk CO is the predominant toxic gas in smoke. (COHb can reach 10% in tobacco smokers.) CO poisoning is a major cause of death (early symptoms may be only headache and dizziness). CO is produced by all internal combustion engines,…
Risk Risk occurs in pts with suppressed immune systems from diseases like AIDS, chemotherapy drugs, and extended steroid therapy. Risk factors include current and recent broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. Diabetes, leukemia, and neutropenia also increase risk. IV hyperalimentation and prolonged ICU…
Risk Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer death. Asbestos exposure increases risk 5-fold. Smoking increases risk 15-fold. Radon exposure increases risk 2-fold. Perioperative Risks Associated CAD Pulm insufficiency following lung tissue resection Worry About Optimization of preop pulmonary…