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Mammography Physics 101
Overview This chapter covers some of the basic physics of operation of a mammography system including the components of the mammography system, the effects of scatter, radiation dose requirements, magnification, and common artifacts in digital mammography . A mammography system…
Mammography Quality Standards Act (MQSA) and American College of Radiology (ACR) Accreditation Programs
Overview This chapter reviews the key components of the Mammography Quality Standards Act and American College of Radiology (ACR) accreditation programs, including personnel qualifications, imaging and equipment standards, reporting requirements, and the medical audit . Mammography Quality Standards Act Origins…
Special Populations in Breast Imaging
Overview This chapter covers breast imaging in special patient populations, including the young, pregnant, lactating, male, transgender, or combinations thereof. This includes management guidelines, common imaging findings, and pathologies that breast radiologists should be familiar with . The Breast Imaging…
The Augmented and Reconstructed Breast
Overview This chapter reviews the normal and abnormal imaging appearances of the augmented and reconstructed breast. This includes implants and autologous flap reconstructions, as well as associated early, delayed, and rare complications. Breast surgeries, whether for cosmetic intent or for…
Lymph Node Evaluation in Breast Imaging
Overview This chapter provides a framework for the diagnostic approach to axillary lymphadenopathy and its differential considerations including unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy, bilateral axillary lymphadenopathy, and axillary nodal calcifications. A brief overview of the evaluation and management of axillary lymph nodes…
After Breast Conservation Therapy
Overview This chapter will review the definition of breast conservation therapy, indications for this therapy, principles of preoperative tumor localization and surgical specimen radiography, surveillance after breast conservation therapy, expected changes after breast conservation therapy, and typical imaging findings of…
Breast Cancer Staging: What the Surgeon and Oncologist Want To Know
Overview This chapter reviews the imaging and molecular tumor profiling used in the eighth edition of the TNM staging system developed and maintained by the American Joint Committee on Cancer. The aim of staging is to guide treatment and provide…
The Symptomatic Breast
Overview This chapter reviews the imaging evaluation and differential considerations in patients with breast symptoms, including the scenarios of palpable lump, nipple discharge, other nipple changes, breast pain, and breast swelling . Despite early detection of asymptomatic cancers from screening…
Organized Approach to Diagnostic Imaging
Overview This chapter outlines a systematic approach to the diagnostic evaluation of noncalcified findings identified at screening mammography, including masses and asymmetries. Modalities discussed include mammography, tomosynthesis, and ultrasound. For asymptomatic patients, the purpose of the diagnostic workup is to…