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Medial Branch Block, Cervical Spine

KEY FACTS Terminology Selective anesthesia of cervical nerve medial branch in diagnosis of cervical facet joint pain Preprocedure Facet joint pain Useful in selecting patients for medial branch radiofrequency ablation procedure Need to block level above and below facet joint for effective anesthesia Procedure Preferred patient position: Supine Preferred imaging plane: True lateral view C2/3: 3rd occipital nerve block Target: Immediately above and below C2/3 facet…

Common Peroneal Neuropathy

KEY FACTS Terminology Synonyms: Common peroneal nerve (CPN) palsy, CPN entrapment Common peroneal nerve entrapment at fibular head You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Median Neuropathy

KEY FACTS Terminology Pronator syndrome: Nerve entrapment at pronator teres Carpal tunnel syndrome: Nerve entrapment at carpal tunnel You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Ulnar Neuropathy

KEY FACTS Terminology Synonyms: Ulnar nerve (UN) entrapment, cubital tunnel syndrome Partial fixation, compression, or distortion of UN You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Femoral Neuropathy

KEY FACTS Terminology Synonyms: Femoral neuropathy, femoral mononeuropathy, femoral nerve (FN) palsy FN entrapment or injury 2° to direct trauma, compression, stretch injury, or ischemia You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Hypertrophic Neuropathy

KEY FACTS Terminology Clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of inherited disorders with focal or diffuse peripheral nerve enlargement Hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy (HMSN) HMSN I (Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome type I, CMT1) HMSN II (neuronal-type peroneal muscular atrophy, CMT2) HMSN III (Dejerine-Sottas disease, hypertrophic neuropathy of infancy, congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy) You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If…

Peripheral Neurolymphomatosis

KEY FACTS Terminology Synonyms: Peripheral neurolymphomatosis (NL), perineural lymphomatosis Perineural plexus or peripheral nerve lymphomatous infiltration You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Traumatic Neuroma

KEY FACTS Terminology Amputation neuroma (stump neuroma) Subtype of traumatic neuroma following traumatic or surgical amputation Morton neuroma: Traumatic neuroma between metatarsal heads You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Brachial Plexus Traction Injury

KEY FACTS Terminology Synonyms: Brachial plexus stretch injury, brachial plexus avulsion, avulsion pseudomeningocele Stretch injury or avulsion of ≥ 1 cervical roots, brachial plexus You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Muscle Denervation

KEY FACTS Terminology Secondary muscle injury resulting from denervation following nerve injury You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

KEY FACTS Terminology Neural, venous, &/or arterial compressive syndrome at thoracic outlet Diagnosis made by 1 of 3 methods (by event, affected structure, or compression cause) You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Superior Sulcus Tumor

KEY FACTS Terminology Synonym: Pancoast tumor Benign or malignant neoplasm extending to superior thoracic inlet with (1) severe shoulder/arm pain along C8, T1, T2 nerve trunks, (2) Horner syndrome, and (3) weakness + atrophy of intrinsic hand muscles (Pancoast syndrome) You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Normal Plexus and Nerve Anatomy

Terminology Nerve rootlets : Individual neural filaments of dorsal and ventral roots directly exiting from spinal cord Nerve roots : Composed of multiple individual dorsal or ventral nerve rootlets Dorsal sensory roots exit from dorsolateral cord and have cell bodies within dorsal root ganglion (DRG) Ventral motor roots arise from anterior cord gray matter and have cell bodies within cord DRG : Dorsal nerve root sensory…

Foramen Magnum Mass

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Acquired Tonsillar Herniation Chiari 1 Malformation Chiari 2 Malformation Meningioma, Clivus Rheumatoid Arthritis, Adult Schwannoma, Jugular Foramen Less Common Chordoma, Clivus Ependymoma Chondrosarcoma, Skull Base Retroodontoid Pseudopannus Hemangioblastoma Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition Disease (CPPD) Metastasis, Skull Base You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Intrinsic Skull Base Lesion

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Metastasis, Skull Base Fibrous Dysplasia, Skull Base Paget Disease, Skull Base Chordoma, Clivus Multiple Myeloma, Skull Base Plasmacytoma, Skull Base Chondrosarcoma, Skull Base Pneumatization Arrest, Sphenoid Less Common Langerhans Histiocytosis, Skull Base Arachnoid Granulations, Dural Sinuses Osteomyelitis, Skull Base Meningioma, Skull Base You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are…