* Acknowledgments: We especially appreciate the work of the many surgeons who dedicated time and effort to collaborating with the Dartmouth Biomedical Engineering Center Implant Retrieval Laboratory by sending retrieved devices. Without their commitment to this enterprise of continuing study…
Wear simulation testing of knee replacements allows the influence of various design and condition variables on the wear performance to be examined in a controlled environment. One million cycles is considered to represent a full year in vivo; however, this…
Patellar fracture and anterior knee pain remain as significant complications following total knee replacement (TKR). In several TKR studies reported in the literature the average incidence of anterior knee pain was 12%. Long-term, large-cohort studies have reported patellar fracture rates…
Knee joint injuries are among the most prevalent musculoskeletal problems, and there are a number of potential reasons for these injuries. In younger adults, sports tend to be a major cause of injury, whereas arthritic degeneration, such as rheumatoid arthritis…
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has evolved to be a very successful and reliable procedure reducing pain because of osteoarthritis, correcting deformities, and improving disability associated with other pathologic knee conditions. The excellent outcomes of TKA, strong marketing by implant companies…
What Is Mathematical Modeling? Mathematical modeling pertains to any simulation of a physical system using a computer. In practice, mathematical modeling is an extremely diverse field, which can be applied to any system, ranging from modeling weather patterns to analyzing…
The patellofemoral joint is an integral aspect of the knee that enhances flexion and extension. Any disturbance in the joint, such as injury, muscle weakness, and congenital or developmental abnormalities, can greatly affect the overall functionality of the joint and…
Analysis Methods The ongoing goal of improving the outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) yields the continuing need for accurate in vivo kinematic analyses. Popular kinematic study techniques include in vivo fluoroscopic analyses, in vitro analyses using cadavers, noninvasive analyses…
Introduction Of primary interest to the author of this chapter is the analysis of the intrinsic shape differences of the knee joint between different ethnic populations for development of implantable orthopedic devices. The research presented is thus threefold: by developing…
Introduction The use of ultrasound guidance for knee procedures has become increasingly popular in recent years due to recognized increased accuracy compared with those performed blind, as well as an expansion in the range of both intra-articular and extra-articular knee…