KEY FACTS Terminology Disruption of stabilizing ligaments between occiput and C1 Imaging Widened prevertebral soft tissues (nonspecific) Condylar sum > 4.2 mm has 100% sensitivity, 69% specificity, and 76% accuracy Increased basion-dens interval (BDI) distance > 8.5 mm (CT in…
Craniocervical Junction Occipital condyle fractures are classified into 3 types. Type I = comminuted fractures due to axial loading; stable if contralateral side is intact Type II = occipital condyle fracture with skull base fractures; most of these are stable…
KEY FACTS You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Accentuated thoracic ± reduced normal cervical, lumbar lordotic spinal curvature Normal 20-40°, hyperkyphotic if > 40° Curvature secondary to vertebral anomalies, degenerative spine disease, or idiopathic causes Imaging Accentuated dorsal thoracic curvature on lateral image Look for…
KEY FACTS Terminology General term for any lateral curvature of spine (≥ 10°) Imaging Lateral curvature of spine Returns to midline at ends of curve Rotational component common Most commonly thoracic or thoracolumbar Imaging approach Radiography for initial diagnosis Multiplanar…
Terminology Scoliosis is considered to be present when there is a coronal plane curvature of the spine measuring at least 10°. However, treatment is not generally instituted unless the curvature is > 20-25°. The curvature may be balanced (returning to…
KEY FACTS Terminology Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED) Group of generalized skeletal dysplasias primarily involving vertebrae, proximal epiphyseal centers Affected patients demonstrate short trunk, neck, and limbs with normal hand and foot size Imaging Platyspondyly, vertebral hypoplasia & underossification, abnormal epiphyses ±…