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The disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders are interrelated sets of psychiatric symptoms characterized by a core deficit in self-regulation of anger, aggression, defiance, and antisocial behaviors. The disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders include oppositional defiant, intermittent explosive, conduct, other specified/unspecified…
Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by body dissatisfaction related to overvaluation of a thin body ideal, associated with dysfunctional patterns of cognition and weight control behaviors that result in significant biologic, psychological, and social complications. Although usually affecting white, adolescent…
Youth suicide is a major public health problem. In 2014 for all youth between ages 10 and 19 yr in the United States, suicide was the 2nd leading cause of death, with approximately 5,500 lives lost each year. The suicide rate…
Mood disorders are interrelated sets of psychiatric symptoms characterized by a core deficit in emotional self-regulation. Classically, the mood disorders have been divided into depressive and bipolar disorders, representing the two emotional polarities, dysphoric (“low”) and euphoric (“high”) mood. Major…
Anxiety, defined as dread or apprehension, is not considered pathologic, is seen across the life span, and can be adaptive (e.g., the anxiety one might feel during an automobile crash). Anxiety has both a cognitive-behavioral component, expressed in worrying and…
Motor disorders are interrelated sets of psychiatric symptoms characterized by abnormal motor movements and associated phenomena. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), motor disorders include tic, stereotypic movement, and developmental coordination disorders. Tic disorders…
Rumination Disorder Chase B. Samsel Heather J. Walter David R. DeMaso Rumination disorder is the repeated regurgitation of food, where the regurgitated food may be rechewed, reswallowed, or spit out, for a period of at least 1 mo following a period of normal functioning.…
Pediatric psychosomatic medicine deals with the relation between physical and psychological factors in the causation or maintenance of disease states. The process whereby distress is experienced and expressed in physical symptoms is referred to as somatization or psychosomatic illness .…
Psychotherapy Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for most child and adolescent psychiatric disorders, because this type of treatment generally produces outcomes similar to pharmacotherapy, with less risk of harm. Even with disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder…