Keratotic lesions of the plantar skin result from friction, pressure, shearing, or a combination of these mechanisms. They are often related to underlying bony prominences, muscle imbalance leading to atypical foot posture, or improper footwear. These must be distinguished from…
History Plantar heel pain is a common disease process that continues to challenge orthopaedic surgeons. Because of the complex anatomy around the heel and the plantar surface of the foot, the function and etiology of pain have been difficult to…
Galen is reported to have first coined the term sesamoid because of the resemblance of these small rounded bones to the sesame seed. The anatomic location of several of the sesamoids is constant, but the frequency of occurrence of other…
A bunionette deformity is characterized by a painful prominence of the lateral eminence of the fifth metatarsal head. The position of a tailor sitting in a cross-legged position has given rise to the term tailor ' s bunion to describe…
Lesser Toe Deformities Overview Lesser toe deformities can be static or dynamic. They can occur as isolated entities or be associated with deformities of the hallux, midfoot, or hindfoot. Poor footwear is the most commonly attributed cause of lesser toe…
This chapter will focus on managing complications and unplanned outcomes following hallux valgus corrective surgical procedures. The chapter is divided into three sections: (1) Soft tissue complications, (2) hallux varus, and (3) managing failed bunion procedures. Unplanned results can occur,…
The term bunion is derived from the Latin word bunio , meaning turnip. Use of this term has led to some confusing misapplications regarding the various disorders of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. The word bunion has been used to…
Overview This chapter aims to provide a concise but comprehensive overview of the pharmacologic and interventional therapies available for perioperative pain management for foot and ankle surgery. The focus is on providing updates on topics discussed previously, as well as…
General Considerations Many foot and ankle disorders may be treated conservatively. Nonoperative regimens are often inexpensive, easily accomplished, and successful. It is important that the treating physician has thorough knowledge and understanding of the interaction of the foot and the…
In this chapter a description of evidence-based foot and ankle care will be described that is no different than evidence-based medicine (EBM) care other than being focused on orthopedic foot and ankle care. First and foremost, it is important for…