Definition Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery and microincisional glaucoma surgery offer the theoretical advantages of lowering intraocular pressure with incisional surgery with fewer risks compared with conventional operations. Approaches include the use of microdevices for removal or bypass of abnormally high-resistance…
Definition Anterior segment surgical techniques for the treatment of childhood glaucoma. Key Features Angle surgery uses an ab interno or ab externo surgical approach to create a direct communication between the anterior chamber and Schlemm’s canal by incising the trabecular…
Definition Surgical and laser procedures that ablate the ciliary body to lower intraocular pressure for treatment of glaucoma. Key Features Transscleral cyclophotocoagulation. Transscleral micropulse diode laser. Endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation. Associated Features Neovascular glaucoma. End-stage glaucoma. Combined cataract surgery and endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation.…
Definition and Key Features Laser trabeculoplasty: laser treatment to the trabecular meshwork to enhance outflow of aqueous humor from the eye. Laser peripheral iridectomy: laser treatment to create a full-thickness hole within the peripheral iris to alleviate pupillary block. Associated…
Definition Medical management of glaucoma is the lowering of intraocular pressure using eyedrops and/or systemic medications. Key Features Medications for the treatment of glaucoma (currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration) include: Chronic treatment: Prostaglandin analogues (increase outflow):…
Definition Patients should be treated when glaucomatous damage is detected or progressing, or if there is a high risk that such damage will occur. Key Features Multiple factors must be considered when deciding whether the patient is to be treated…
Definition Glaucoma in children less than 2 years of age can be subdivided into (1) primary congenital glaucoma, which is the result of isolated, abnormal development of the anterior chamber angle structures, and (2) secondary congenital glaucoma, either following infantile…
Definition A diverse group of secondary glaucomas, either open or closed angle, caused by specific abnormalities of the anterior and/or posterior segment. The open-angle varieties include ghost cell hemolytic glaucoma and Schwartz’s syndrome. The closed-angle glaucomas include the iridocorneal endothelial…
Definition Aqueous misdirection, or malignant glaucoma, is a rare form of glaucoma that typically occurs postoperatively in patients with primary angle closure and is characterized by elevated intraocular pressure with a diffusely shallow or flat anterior chamber despite a patent…
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