Study Guidelines 1. Be able to describe the origin of the recorded EEG, underlying rationale for the 10–20 recording system, and the significance of the letter/number combinations used to define electrode placements. 2. Contrast the patterns that typify the waking…
Study Guidelines 1. The cerebral cortex is the part of the body that makes us truly human. Its structure is enormously complex, and assignment of functions to different parts is made difficult, and often unrealistic, by the multiplicity of interconnections.…
Study Guidelines 1. Describe the functional organisation of the cerebellum and the relationship to the deep cerebellar nuclei. 2. Classify the microscopic organisation of the cerebellar cortex and the cell types found in each layer. 3. Contrast the two types…
Study Guidelines 1. Identify basal ganglia nuclei in brain sections. 2. List the four different basal ganglia circuits (or loops) and describe their function. 3. Summarise the major neurotransmitters involved in the basal ganglia circuits and their function (excitatory or…
Study Guidelines 1. Describe the characteristics of the thalamic nuclei within the relay, association, and ‘non-specific’ nuclei groups. 2. List the afferent and efferent projections for the following relay nuclei: anterior, ventral lateral, ventral posterior, medial, and lateral geniculate bodies.…
Study Guidelines 1. Outline the subdivisions and functions of the reticular formation. 2. Describe the location, type, and role of aminergic brainstem neurons of the neuromodulatory system. 3. Define a chemoreceptor and its role in respiratory control. 4. Summarise how…
Study Guidelines General Because of the immense diagnostic and therapeutic importance of ocular muscle innervation, and because of its inherent complexity, neuro-ophthalmology has become its own branch of medicine. It is especially important to describe the way in which premotor…
Study Guidelines 1. Cranial nerve CN VII is the most commonly paralysed of all peripheral nerves, owing to the great length of its canal in the temporal bone, where it is at risk of compression when inflamed. Since CN VII…
Study Guidelines 1. The motor nucleus supplies the muscles of mastication. 2. The mesencephalic unipolar neurons are proprioceptive. 3. The neurons of the principal sensory nucleus receive sensory inputs from the face and underlying mucous membranes. 4. The spinal nucleus…
Study Guidelines 1. Describe the mechanism of how vibrations created by sound waves result in activation of the organ of Corti. 2. Be able to identify the scala vestibuli, scala tympani, and scala media and components of the spiral organ.…