See also Fluoroquinolones General information Alatrofloxacin is a fluoronaphthyridone that is hydrolysed to the active moiety, trovafloxacin, after intravenous administration. This fourth-generation broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone has activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, anerobic, and atypical respiratory pathogens. Because it has significant hepatotoxicity, the…
General information Ajmaline and its derivatives, prajmalium bitartrate (rINN; N-propylajmaline), lorajmine (rINN; chloroacetylajmaline), detajmium bitartrate (rINN), and diethylaminohydroxypropylajmaline, are Rauwolfia alkaloids. Their use is restricted by serious adverse effects, such as neutropenia and cardiac dysrhythmias, which have been reviewed […
General information Subtypes of adrenoceptors were first described by Ahlquist in 1948 [ , ]. Adrenoceptor agonists evoke physiological responses similar to those produced by stimulation of adrenergic nerves or the physiological release of adrenaline (see Table 1 ). For…
See also Adrenoceptor agonists General information Note on nomenclature Although “epinephrine” is the recommended International Non-proprietary Name (rINN), there are good reasons why the name “adrenaline” should be preferred, based on usage, history, etymology, and, most importantly, risk of clinical…
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General information To date, four subtypes of adenosine receptor, A 1 , A 2A , A 2B , and A 3 , have been described [ ]. Stimulation of specific cell-surface A 1 receptors shortens the duration, depresses the amplitude,…
General information Adenosine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), its phosphorylated derivative, have been used to treat acute paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias and adenosine has also been used in the diagnosis of narrow-and broad-complex tachycardias [ ]. Several reviews of the clinical pharmacology,…
General information Ademetionine ( S -adenosylmethionine) has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in animals. Convincing evidence of these effects in man is still lacking. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become…
General information Adefovir is an adenine analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor. While it has activity against both HIV and hepatitis B, its use in HIV infection is limited by nephrotoxicity due to the high doses needed [ ]. The dose used…
See also Monoclonal antibodies General information Adalimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, is the third commercially available TNF alfa antagonist for patients with rheumatoid arthritis for whom previous treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs has failed. Adalimumab has been approved alone…