See also Opioid analgesics General information Alfentanil is a potent short-acting opioid used in anesthesia. Beside its effects on opioid receptors, there is some evidence that it may affect acetylcholine, since intrathecal neostigmine produced a dose-dependent increase in the effect…
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See also Monoclonal antibodies General information Alemtuzumab (campath-1H) is a humanized monoclonal antibody specific for the CDw52 antigen, present on cell membranes of lymphocytes and monocytes. It has been used for treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and vasculitis, is…
General information Alefacept is a bioengineered fusion protein of soluble lymphocyte function antigen (LFA-3) with Fc fragments of IgG1. It blocks the LFA-3/CD2 interaction necessary for activation and proliferation of memory effector T cells by binding to CD2 expressed on…
General information Aldose reductase inhibitors [ ] have been developed for the treatment of secondary complications in diabetes [ , ]. They include alrestatin, benurestat, epalrestat, fidarestat, imirestat, lidorestat, minalrestat, ponalrestat, ranirestat, risarestat, sorbinil, tolrestat, zenarestat, and zopolrestat. The aldose…
General information Aldesleukin (interleukin-2, celmoleukin, proleukin, teceleukin) is produced by activated T lymphocytes and has pleiotropic immunological effects, including the proliferation of T lymphocytes. Non-glycosylated recombinant aldesleukin has been approved for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma [ ]…
See also Neuromuscular blocking drugs, non-depolarizing General information Alcuronium is a synthetic derivative of toxiferine, an alkaloid of calabash curare, and is a non-depolarizing relaxant with properties and adverse effects similar to those of D-tubocurarine. It is about twice as…
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General information Adverse reactions to human serum albumin are uncommon and usually mild, such as itching and urticaria. Serious reactions are rare. A patient who has reacted violently to albumin on one occasion may tolerate it well on another after…
See also Benzimidazoles General information The benzimidazole antihelminthic drugs albendazole and mebendazole (qv) are commonly used to treat soil-transmitted helminth infections, such as gastrointestinal roundworms, hydatid disease, neurocysticercosis, larva migrans cutanea, and strongyloidiasis [ ]. They bind to nematode β…