Condition Absent in posterior dislocation of the shoulder Name of Sign Half-moon sign Description The medial humeral head normally overlaps the posterior glenoid rim on a standard anteroposterior (AP) shoulder radiograph in external rotation, an appearance resembling a half-moon. When…
A few examples of these are shown here, and the full listing is available online. A Aarskog Syndrome Aarskog syndrome is an extremely rare genetic disorder marked by stunted growth that may not become obvious until the child is about…
Abstract In general, an eponym can be considered the proper name of the first person or persons describing an anatomical structure, a classification system, a disease, a fracture, a surgical technique, an instrument, and so on. It is believed that…
Abstract Plates and Screws Blade Plate and Screws Indications: subtrochanteric and supracondylar femoral fractures ( Fig. 1 ) as well as femoral osteotomies Angled plate configuration Reconstruction Plate Indications: pelvic ( Fig. 2 ) and calcaneal ( Fig. 3 )…
Abstract Measuring distances and angles is an important task in daily orthopedic practice. Radiologic measurements are the key to diagnosing certain injuries and defining their prognosis, and they often have a decisive impact on treatment. Radiologic measurements can be used…
Abstract Indications Ultrasound guidance is the optimum technique for placing needles into soft tissue structures when they are well visualized using this imaging method. In broad terms, ultrasound is used for injections and biopsies, but both the structures to be…
Abstract Percutaneous intradiskal therapies are currently used in the treatment of two distinct medical problems: chronic low back pain and the herniated nucleus pulposus–related radicular syndrome (sciatica). Both conditions lead to substantial medical and economic losses, with low back pain…
Abstract Vertebroplasty was first described by Herve Deramond and his colleagues from Amiens, France, in 1987. They were faced with a patient with an aggressive, destructive, but otherwise benign hemangioma of a C2 vertebral body. There seemed to be no…
Abstract Indications Discography is a diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of cervical, thoracic, or lumbar radicular or referral pain. Although the use of discography as the first-line diagnostic examination is not indicated, it is usually recommended when conservative treatment or…
Indications Epidural pain injections are useful in the patient with a wide variety of disorders that could generate back pain, including extruded and bulging disks; foraminal and lateral recess stenoses with nerve compression from facet osteoarthritis, capsular hypertrophy, synovial cyst…