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Trauma outcomes
Based upon the Dr. Avedis Donabedian’s model for quality in health care, the outcome of care can be considered the result of the processes of by which that care was delivered and the specific health care structure in which it…
Trauma rehabilitation
Overview In 2010, the number of deaths in the United States associated with unintentional injury was 120,859. The leading cause of death in 2010 in age group 1 to 44 continues to be unintentional injury. It was the third leading…
Palliative care in the trauma intensive care unit
Despite recent advances in trauma resuscitation and surgery, surgeons continue to care for critically injured patients who will succumb to their injuries. The mortality rate for trauma patients who require admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) remains at 10%…
Diagnostic management of brain death in the intensive care unit and organ donation
Some neurologic injuries are so severe that they are initially deemed to be nonsurvivable and are termed “catastrophic brain injuries.” In such cases, the primary goal of critical care is to maintain hemodynamic stability and end-organ perfusion. The primary reason…
Surgery during global pandemics: Focus on prioritization and resource allocation
Pandemic disease is the spread of an illness across a vast geographic area, with a prevalence that transcends a singular country or continent, but extends across the entire globe. By comparison, an epidemic is the spread of an illness across…
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute cardiopulmonary failure
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), otherwise known as extracorporeal life support, is a rapidly evolving technology that allows for the oxygenation and ventilation functions of the lungs and, depending on the configuration, the perfusion functions of the heart to be replaced…
Anesthesia adjuncts in the management of pain in trauma patients: New blocks and other techniques to combat the opioid epidemic
The advent of Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) brought great improvements to the care of the trauma patient. Standardized methods for assessment and resuscitation of trauma patients have resulted in increased survival and improved outcomes. While recognition of injuries and…
Anesthesia in the critical care unit and pain management
Critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) present with increased levels of anxiety, agitation, and pain. This often requires intense support and invasive monitoring. To ensure the comfort and safety of these patients, the use of sedative, analgesic,…
Surgical procedures in the surgical intensive care unit
This chapter is not intended to provide a comprehensive review of all the bedside procedures that can be performed in the ICU. Rather, it will illustrate the indications, management, and complications of common surgical procedures that can be performed outside…