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Deafness


Deafness is loss of hearing and may be divided into ‘conductive’ and ‘sensorineural’.

Causes

Conductive deafness

Acquired

  • ●

    Ear wax

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    Otitis externa

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    Otitis media (including glue ear)

  • ●

    Labyrinthitis

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    Otosclerosis

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    Foreign body

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    Perforation of the tympanic membrane (TM)

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    Barotrauma

  • ●

    Cholesteatoma

Congenital

  • ●

    Atresia of the meatus

Sensorineural deafness

Acquired

  • ●

    Presbyacusis (age-related sensorineural hearing loss)

  • ●

    Noise-induced trauma

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    Meniere’s disease

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    Ototoxicity (e.g. aminoglycosides, aspirin, furosemide and cytotoxic agents)

  • ●

    Stroke

  • ●

    Head injuries

  • ●

    Infection (e.g. mumps, herpes zoster, meningitis

  • ●

    Acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma)

  • ●

    Brain tumours

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