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Respiratory acidosis


Respiratory acidosis is caused by CO 2 retention due to inadequate pulmonary ventilation (↓ pH, ↑ pCO 2 ). Compensatory mechanisms are:

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    ↑ HCO 3 − by bicarbonate buffer system

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    ↓ H + by kidneys (can take several days).

Causes (any cause of hypoventilation) (all causes of respiratory acidosis require urgent assessment)

Impaired gaseous exchange

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    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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    Alveolar disease, e.g. pneumonia, ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome)

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    Thoracic injury, e.g. pulmonary contusions

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