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Most pyrexias result from a clearly defined illness, e.g. acute pyelonephritis or acute appendicitis, or from self-limiting viral infections, e.g. common cold. Pyrexia of unknown origin is defined as a temperature >38.3°C on several occasions, accompanied by more than three weeks of illness and failure to reach a diagnosis after one week of inpatient investigation. Most cases of pyrexia of unknown origin are unusual presentations of common diseases, e.g. tuberculosis, endocarditis, rather than rare or exotic illnesses.
Abscess, e.g. subphrenic, pelvic
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
TB
Brucellosis
Typhoid
Leptospirosis
Q fever
Cat scratch disease
Influenza
Infectious mononucleosis syndromes
HIV
Candidiasis
Aspergillosis
Pneumocystis jirovecii (formerly carinii )
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