GROSS ANATOMY You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

GROSS ANATOMY Overview Body (corpus) : Upper 2/3 of uterus Fundus: Superior to ostia of fallopian tubes Cervix : Lower 1/3 of uterus Isthmus: Junction of body and cervix Parametrium : Tissue immediately surrounding uterus Myometrium : Smooth muscle forming bulk of uterus Endometrium : Composed of 2 layers Stratum basalis attached to myometrium, does not change Stratum functionalis: Thicker, varies with cycle Uterus is extraperitoneal…

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KEY FACTS Terminology Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) Term reserved for histopathologic pattern of smooth muscle and epithelial cell proliferation Hyperplasia correct term since BPH is characterized by increased number of epithelial stromal cells in periurethral area of prostate (not hypertrophy, which means increase in size) You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are…

KEY FACTS Terminology Dilatation of pampiniform plexus > 2-3 mm due to congestion and retrograde flow in internal spermatic vein You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Benign, solid paratesticular tumor of mesenchymal origin You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Spermatocele: Retention cyst of rete testis or epididymis containing nonviable spermatozoa Epididymal head cyst: Collection of simple fluid You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Congenital or acquired serous fluid contained within layers of scrotal tunica vaginalis You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

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KEY FACTS Terminology Inflammation of epididymis &/or testis You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Cryptorchidism, cryptorchism Definition: Incomplete descent of testis into base of scrotum You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Spontaneous or traumatic twisting of testis & spermatic cord within scrotum, resulting in vascular occlusion/infarction You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Testicular microlithiasis (TML): Presence of 5 or more microliths or microcalcifications in whole testis or 5 or more microliths per field of view Limited TML: Presence of < 5 microcalcifications per field of view Microcalcifications composed of hydroxyapatite, located within spermatic tubules You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are…

KEY FACTS Terminology Dilated rete testis Cystic transformation of rete testis You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Rare, benign, keratin-containing lesion of controversial origin You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Infiltrative neoplasm of testis in which tumor cells surround and compress seminiferous tubules and normal testicular vessels You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Gonadal stromal tumors arise from nongerm cell elements You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Imaging Discrete, solid, intratesticular mass on grayscale ultrasound with abnormal intrinsic vessels on color Doppler Most common neoplasm in males aged 15-34 Mostly unilateral; contralateral tumor develops eventually in 8% Seminoma is most common pure germ cell tumor of testis On ultrasound, seminomas usually well-defined, hypoechoic, and solid without calcification or tunica invasion Tumors < 1.5 cm commonly hypovascular, and tumors > 1.6 cm…

IMAGING ANATOMY Penis Composed of 3 cylindrical shafts 2 corpora cavernosa : Main erectile bodies – On dorsal surface of penis – Diverge at root of penis ( crura ) and are invested by ischiocavernosus muscles – Chambers traversed by numerous trabeculae, creating sinusoidal spaces – Multiple fenestrations between corpora, creating multiple anastomotic channels 1 corpus spongiosum : Contains urethra – On ventral surface, in groove…

GROSS ANATOMY Testes Densely packed seminiferous tubules separated by thin, fibrous septa Seminiferous tubules join to form rete testis , which converge posteriorly into efferent ductules Penetrate posterior tunica albuginea at mediastinum to form head of epididymis May become dilated, but tubular appearance and location should differentiate from mass Tunica albuginea forms thick, fibrous capsule around testis Mediastinum testis is thickened area of tunica albuginea where…