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Gastroparesis

KEY FACTS Terminology Objectively delayed gastric emptying in absence of mechanical obstruction You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

KEY FACTS Terminology Severe peptic ulcer disease associated with marked ↑ in gastric acid due to gastrin-producing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (gastrinoma) You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Gastritis and Duodenitis

KEY FACTS Terminology Inflammation of gastric mucosa induced by group of disorders that differ clinically but share similar imaging features Common etiologies include Helicobacter  pylori , NSAIDs, steroids, alcohol and coffee, stress Imaging Erosive gastritis, complete or varioliform erosions (most common type) Erosions surrounded by radiolucent halos of edematous, elevated mucosa Scalloped or nodular antral folds Crenulation or irregularity of lesser curvature Location: Gastric antrum on…

Gastric Diverticulum

KEY FACTS Imaging Most (> 75%) are congenital, juxtacardiac diverticula Near gastroesophageal junction, on posterior aspect of lesser curvature of stomach Usually 1-3 cm, up to 10 cm in diameter On upper GI series Barium-filled diverticulum with air-fluid level CT findings Often in left suprarenal location – Mimics adrenal or pancreatic mass Connection to stomach may be subtle Air-filled, fluid-filled, or contrast-filled mass No enhancement of…

Duodenal Stenosis or Atresia

KEY FACTS Terminology Most common upper intestinal obstruction in neonate Atresia: Congenital occlusion of intestinal lumen Stenosis: Fixed narrowing of intestinal lumen You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis

KEY FACTS Terminology Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS): Idiopathic pyloric muscle thickening in young infants; leads to progressive gastric outlet obstruction You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Stomach and Duodenum: Imaging Approach and Differential Diagnosis

Gastric Anatomy and Terminology The stomach is the alimentary reservoir for the mixing, grinding, and enzymatic digestion of food. It is divided into the cardia, fundus, body, antrum, and pylorus; each with its own specific function. The cardia is the portion of the stomach surrounding the esophageal orifice and the site where the lesser and greater curvatures meet. The fundus is the most cephalic part of…

Fibrovascular Polyp

KEY FACTS Terminology Rare, benign, tumor-like lesion of esophagus Originates within cervical esophageal wall but presents as intraluminal polyp or mass You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Fundoplication and Other Antireflux Procedures

KEY FACTS Terminology Nissen fundoplication (FDP) : Complete (360°) FDP Toupet FDP : Partial (270°) FDP, posterior side Belsey Mark IV repair: 240° FDP wrap around left lateral aspect Nissen-Collis procedure creates "neoesophagus" GE junction (at B ring) will be above diaphragm; intact wrap around proximal stomach (neoesophagus) will be below diaphragm Imaging Preoperative: Identify "short esophagus," hiatal hernia, and dysmotility Wrap complications Tight FDP wrap…

Esophagectomy: Ivor Lewis and Other Procedures

KEY FACTS Terminology Surgical resection of a portion of esophagus and replacement by a conduit formed by another portion of alimentary tube Imaging Many surgical options for surgical excision of esophagus Transthoracic esophagectomy: Usually performed through right intercostal approach (Ivor Lewis procedure) Other options include minimally invasive (laparoscopic) procedures Stomach is ideal conduit, as it has reliable blood supply and can reach high into thorax or…