D efinition — A mesenchymal tumor of the uterus without smooth muscle or endometrial stromal differentiation. Clinical Features Epidemiology Undifferentiated uterine sarcomas are rare and account for less than 0.5% of all uterine malignancies and only 10% to 15% of mesenchymal uterine malignancies. Mostly occur in the fifth and sixth decades, but can be seen at any decade in adulthood. You’re Reading a Preview Become a…

D efinition — An intermediate to high-grade stromal sarcoma with a distinct molecular genotype. Clinical Features Epidemiology Overall endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is rare; it accounts for less than 0.5% of all uterine malignancies and only 10% to 15% of mesenchymal uterine malignancies. This particular variant has a novel gene fusion between YWHAE and FAM22A/B harboring t(10 : 17)(q22;p13). Majority occur in the fifth and sixth decades, but…

D efinition — A benign low-grade mesenchymal tumor of the uterus. Clinical Features Epidemiology Uterine tumor resembling sex cord tumor (UTRSCT) is rare; it accounts for less than 0.5% of all uterine malignancies and only 10% to 15% of mesenchymal uterine malignancies. Tumors are usually diagnosed in women in the fourth to sixth decades. These tumors in their pure form are held separate from low-grade endometrial…

D efinition — A malignancy composed of cells resembling proliferative-phase endometrial stroma. Clinical Features Epidemiology Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is rare; it accounts for less than 0.5% of all uterine malignancies and only 10% to 15% of mesenchymal uterine malignancies. ESS tends to occur in younger women more than other mesenchymal uterine tumors and is typically seen in women in their 40s and 50s. The so-called…

D efinition — An endometrial polyp, composed of benign smooth muscle and glands. Clinical Features Epidemiology Same as for adenomyosis, predominating in the fourth and fifth decades. However, the absence of glands is more likely to be seen postmenopause after glandular atrophy has taken place. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are…

D efinition — A low-grade stromal tumor with smooth muscle differentiation. Clinical Features Epidemiology Same as endometrial stromal nodules (ESNs); are uncommon neoplasms that occur at any age. Most often identified during the fifth and sixth decades of life. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

D efinition — A benign neoplasm composed of cells resembling normal endometrial stroma. Clinical Features Epidemiology Endometrial stromal nodules (ESNs) are uncommon neoplasms that occur at any age. Most often identified during the fifth and sixth decades of life. JAZF1/JJAZ1 gene fusion. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log…

D efinition — A variant of carcinosarcoma recapitulating Wilms' tumor. Clinical Features Epidemiology Occurs over a wide age range from childhood to the eighth decade. Rare. Possibly arises from displaced metanephric rests. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

D efinition — A variant of endometrial carcinoma with pseudomesenchymal or spindle cell differentiation. Clinical Features Epidemiology Similar to that of conventional endometrioid adenocarcinoma. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

D efinition — A highly malignant neoplasm composed of malignant glandular and stromal elements. Clinical Features Epidemiology Occurs almost exclusively in women over 60 years of age. An association with prior radiation has been described. Some studies show an increased frequency in African-American women. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a…

D efinition — A problematic endometrioid carcinoma with some clear-cell features. Clinical Features Epidemiology Similar to other endometrioid carcinomas. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

D efinition — A high-grade, malignant neoplasm of the endometrium. Clinical Features Epidemiology Clear-cell carcinoma of the endometrium is a rare malignancy comprising less than 1% of all endometrial cancers. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

D efinition — Poorly differentiated carcinomas in which a line of differentiation cannot be determined. Clinical Features Epidemiology Pure undifferentiated carcinomas are rare. Patients may present at a wide range of ages, with a mean age of 63 years. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

D efinition — A variant of endometrioid carcinoma with neuroendocrine features. Clinical Features Epidemiology A variant pattern seen in poorly differentiated carcinomas of the endometrium. The vast majority of patients are postmenopausal with a median age in the sixth to eighth decades. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log…

D efinition — A common conundrum in endometrial cancer classification in which an endometrioid histology coexists with strong p53 staining. Clinical Features Epidemiology Outcomes for serous carcinoma are distinctly less favorable relative to both low- and high-grade endometrioid carcinomas. Some tumors do not readily fall into either category, specifically those with both endometrioid histology and a high level of p53 expression. You’re Reading a Preview Become…

D efinition — A variant of endometrial carcinoma with two distinct differentiation patterns, usually separated, with minimal evidence of a histologic transition. Clinical Features Epidemiology Relatively uncommon. Can occur at any age. Presumed to be a single original clone followed by divergence into two distinct phenotypes. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you…

D efinition — High-grade adenocarcinoma arising from the endometrium and invariably associated with mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Clinical Features Epidemiology Uterine serous carcinoma is relatively uncommon, comprising around 10% of endometrial primaries. Patients are most commonly in their seventh or eighth decade. Uterine serous carcinoma is not associated with obesity, diabetes, or estrogen excess. Precursors to serous carcinoma have been described (endometrial glandular…

D efinition — A form of atypia associated with abnormal bleeding. Clinical Features Epidemiology Most commonly occurs in women in their fifth to seventh decades. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

D efinition — A form of hobnail atypia associated with adjacent necrosis or hyaline degeneration signifying regional ischemia. Clinical Features Epidemiology Most commonly occurs in women in their fifth to seventh decades who have endometrial polyps. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here