Physical Address

304 North Cardinal St.
Dorchester Center, MA 02124

Hormonal ablation-induced changes

Definition Androgen deprivation therapy is a popular form of treatment for prostate cancer. Androgen deprivation can be achieved with multiple methods: Orchiectomy Estrogen Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists (luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone [LH-RH] agonists) Anti-androgen 5α-reductase inhibitors Agents are used for preoperative tumor shrinkage, symptomatic relief of metastases, cancer prophylaxis, and treatment of hyperplasia. Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and…

Radiation-induced changes

Definition The primary effect of radiation therapy is the damage of endothelial cells, which causes ischemia that leads to atrophy. Radiation-induced changes on prostatic tissue are variable, more severe, and durable when delivered as interstitial seed implants (brachytherapy) than by external beam, and also vary with the dose and duration of the irradiation. Changes associated with radiation may persist for years after the final radiation treatment.…

Atypical glands suspicious for prostatic carcinoma

Definition Small focus of atypical glands suggestive of, but not diagnostic for, low-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Prostatic stromal sarcoma

Definition Stromal sarcomas are malignant tumors arising from the specialized prostatic stroma, including malignant phyllodes tumor. Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Prostatic stromal tumors of uncertain malignant potential

Definition Stromal tumors of uncertain malignant potential (STUMPs) are tumors arising from the specialized prostatic stroma. Prior synonyms include atypical stromal (smooth muscle) hyperplasia, phyllodes type of atypical stromal hyperplasia, phyllodes tumor, and cystic epithelial-stromal tumor . Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Urothelial carcinoma

Definition Urothelial carcinoma involves the prostatic tissue, including primary tumor arising from the prostatic urethra and ducts, and secondary involvement by bladder cancer. Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Basal cell carcinoma of the prostate

Definition Basaloid carcinoma in the prostate, composed of malignant prostatic basal cells Includes tumors with adenoid cystic-like histological appearances Clinical features Epidemiology Affects adult men in the 6th decade of life You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Prostatic basal cell adenoma

Definition Uncommon benign lesion of the prostate composed of a nodular proliferation of basaloid nests or benign glands with prominent basal cells that may obscure the glands. Basal cell hyperplasia extensively involving an adenomatous nodule may be interpreted as basal cell adenoma. Clinical features Epidemiology Affects adult men of older age groups You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy…

Small cell carcinoma, prostate

Definition A rare histologic variant of prostatic carcinoma akin to that diagnosed in the lung. Clinical features Epidemiology Affects adult men of older age; range, 44–92 years (mean, 69 years) You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor

Definition Low-grade epithelial tumor lacking expression of prostatic markers and demonstrating neuroendocrine differentiation. Similar to its counterpart in other locations. Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Prostatic adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation

Definition Prostatic adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation (either IHC or light microscopy in Paneth cell–like change) excluding prostatic well-differentiated NE tumor, small cell carcinoma, and large cell NE carcinoma. Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Ductal adenocarcinoma

Definition Variant of prostatic adenocarcinoma composed of pseudostratified columnar cells. Clinical features Epidemiology In pure form, ductal adenocarcinoma accounts for less than 1% of all prostatic adenocarcinomas. Associated with acinar adenocarcinoma in approximately 5% of prostate cancers. Occurs in an older age group, similar to that for acinar adenocarcinoma. Can arise in large primary periurethral ducts or in peripheral ducts. You’re Reading a Preview Become a…

Prostate carcinoma with squamous differentiation

Definition Squamous differentiation in prostate cancer is exceedingly rare and is more often, yet not exclusively, seen in cases of prior hormone or radiation therapy, and is usually associated with a poor prognosis. In general, the adenocarcinoma component is typically high-grade, whereas the squamous component has a wider range of differentiation. Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and…

Pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma of the prostate

Definition A rare and aggressive variant of prostate carcinoma with pleomorphic and anaplastic features with bizarre and pleomorphic giant cells. Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Sarcomatoid carcinoma

Definition Malignant neoplasm of the prostate that demonstrates epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation (formerly called carcinosarcoma ). Clinical features Epidemiology Rare tumor (fewer than 100 cases reported) Average age is 70 years, with a range of 47–91 years Approximately half of patients have a history of acinar adenocarcinoma, which can be as remote as 16 years prior, treated by radiation and/or hormone therapy. You’re Reading a Preview…

Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN)-like adenocarcinoma

Definition A variant of invasive prostatic carcinoma that is morphologically characterized by pseudostratified columnar epithelium, typically arranged in dilated glands with flat or tufted epithelium, and morphologic features that resemble high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) but lack basal cells. Some refer to prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN)-like prostatic adenocarcinoma as “PIN-like ductal prostatic adenocarcinoma.” If classified strictly according to the definition, these tumors are variants of ductal…

Prostatic carcinoma, microcystic variant

Definition A deceptively bland variant of invasive Gleason pattern 3 prostatic carcinoma that is morphologically characterized by dilated (i.e., microcystic) acini (up to 10 times the size of a normal Gleason pattern 3 cancer gland) and bland cytology. Could also be considered one of the histological patterns of pseudohyperplastic prostate adenocarcinoma. Frequently present adjacent to or admixed with more conventional low-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma. Morphologic overlap with…