Cranberry

Many cranberry juice consumers are aware of a beneficial link between cranberry juice and the prevention of UTIs.

High in polyphenol activity.

Potentially beneficial for prevention of upper GI ulcers, reducing the risks of CV disease, and improving oral hygiene.

Native Americans and early American sailors used cranberries for treating wounds and blood poisoning, urinary illnesses, diarrhea, DM, and as an antiscorbutic agent.

Cytochrome P-450 inhibitor based on in vitro evidence, specifically CYP3A4 and CYP2C9.

Based on in vivo studies, interaction with warfarin, midazolam, fluconazole, or drugs dependent on CYP enzymes appear unlikely, unless cranberry is consumed at large quantities or long durations, yet not excluded completely.

There is some evidence for alteration in INR with administration of cranberry that warrants consideration.

Theoretical risk of oxalate urinary stone formation (if large volumes consumed daily).

Consider potential interaction with anticoagulation effects of warfarin or other drugs dependent on CYP enzymes.