Definition Unroofed coronary sinus syndrome is a spectrum of cardiac anomalies in which part or all of the common wall between the coronary sinus and left atrium is absent. Hearts with atrial isomerism and a left-sided superior vena cava (LSVC)…
Definition Classic (or typical) cor triatriatum, or cor triatriatum sinister, is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly in which the pulmonary veins typically enter a “proximal” left atrial chamber separated from the “distal” left atrial chamber by a partition in which…
Definition Total (totally) anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a cardiac malformation in which there is no direct connection between any pulmonary vein and the left atrium; rather, all the pulmonary veins connect to the right atrium or one of…
Definition An atrial septal defect (ASD) is a hole of variable size in the atrial septum. A patent foramen ovale that is functionally closed by overlapping of limbic tissue superiorly and the valve of the fossa ovalis inferiorly (in response…
Definition Congenital heart disease in the adult is presence of unrepaired or repaired congenital heart disease in patients aged 21 years or older. A more practical working definition is not straightforward. Because physical and emotional maturity is variable, the distinction…
Definition Acquired disease of the systemic veins entails obstruction—partial or complete—of the major veins of the thorax. Veins of surgical importance are the superior and inferior venae cavae (SVC and IVC). Left and right brachiocephalic veins, including the jugular-subclavian vein…
In this chapter, five diseases involving the pulmonary arteries that are amenable to surgical treatment are discussed: acute massive pulmonary embolism, chronic pulmonary thromboembolic disease, pulmonary artery aneurysm, pulmonary artery dissection, and pulmonary artery tumors. Section I Acute Massive Pulmonary…
Definition This chapter considers true aortic aneurysm, false aortic aneurysm, chronic aortic dissection, penetrating arteriosclerotic ulcer, intramural hematoma, and diffuse arteriosclerotic disease. Methods for protecting the brain during operations on the aortic arch are also discussed. True aortic aneurysm is…
Definition Acute aortic dissection is an event of sudden onset in which blood leaves the normal aortic lumen through a usually discrete point of exit (intimal tear) and rapidly dissects inner from outer layers of the media to produce a…
Definition Acute traumatic aortic disruption is rupture of all or part of the aortic wall, usually occurring as a result of blunt trauma. A theoretical sequence of injury involves initial rupture of the intimal and medial layers. After a period…