Section I Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest Historical Note In 1950, Bigelow and colleagues, in their publications on experimental hypothermia produced by surface cooling, introduced the concept that whole-body hypothermia might be useful in cardiac surgery. They subsequently reported cooling dogs to…
This chapter describes normal cardiac and great artery anatomy and dimensions, as well as the terminology usually employed. Cardiac Chambers and Major Vessels Accurate diagnosis of congenital heart defects depends in part on identifying cardiac chambers and major vessels by…
Introduction As each day goes by, the medical literature expands almost exponentially, and the literature in organ transplantation is no different. Some 27 million medical articles have been listed on PubMed and there are well over 220,000 articles on organ…
Acknowledgments The authors wish to thank Leonie Lopp, Gert van Dijk, Medard Hilhorst, and the ELPAT Working Group on Living Organ Donation (led by Annette Lennerling and Frank Dor) for allowing us to use and refer to their materials. Definitions…
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a physically, psychologically, and financially devastating condition that affects more than 661,000 people in the US alone. Maintenance dialysis, necessary for survival for patients with ESRD, is associated with numerous side effects and considerable disruption…
Introduction The use of outcome data for renal transplantation in the United States (US) represents one of the best available examples of medical care supported by local and national databases to allow evidence-based decisions in the field. According to requirements…
Introduction: The Role of Organ Transplantation in the Developing World Africa is the most underdeveloped continent when it comes to transplantation options for patients with end-stage organ disease. Renal failure is a common condition, and for this reason exploring options…
Introduction Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in children and confers improved survival, skeletal growth, health-related quality of life, and neuropsychological development compared with dialysis. The medical and surgical care of ESRD and kidney transplantation…
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the US in 2015 according to the American Diabetes Association is estimated to be 30.3 million Americans, 9.4% of the population. Diabetes remains the seventh leading cause of death in the US in…
Dialysis patients and kidney transplant recipients have considerably greater cancer risk than the general population. This chapter discusses cancer in dialysis patients and kidney transplant recipients, with the exception of skin malignancies, which are considered separately in Chapter 34 .…