1 Introduction Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune systemic disease associated with B-cell lymphoproliferation and an increased risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) development compared with the general population. NHLs are a highly heterogeneous group of malignancies that originate in…
Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease affecting predominantly the salivary glands. Most of the classification criteria have considered involvement of salivary glands as a major sign of the disease. This involvement can be assessed by imaging procedures such…
1 General Concepts on Classification Criteria Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease (SAD) that primarily affects the exocrine glands, predominantly the salivary and lachrymal glands, and leads to their functional impairment with consequent persistent dryness of the eye…
1 Introduction Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune exocrinopathy affecting predominantly middle-aged women and displaying lymphocytic infiltration and secretory dysfunction of the exocrine glands (primarily the salivary and lacrimal glands, resulting in oral and ocular dryness). Depending on the…
1 Introduction The clear identification of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) as a systemic disease occurred only in the 1980s and 1990s. Indeed, in the early 1970s, the only characterized systemic manifestations were bronchitis sicca, interstitial nephritis, and the risk of…
1 Introduction Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a complex disorder characterized by both organ-specific and systemic manifestations, potentially expanding to lymphoproliferative complications. In addition to occurring as a primary or secondary disease, SS can occur in association with organ-specific autoimmune diseases,…
When you are frustrated with me because of things I cannot do, just think how frustrated I must be because I am not able. –One or more of the 91 million people in the United States with a musculoskeletal disorder…
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The unique role of criteria sets for classification and diagnosis in rheumatology reflects the clinical and scientific challenges characteristic of rheumatic diseases. Rheumatic diseases often cannot be defined by a single clinical, laboratory, radiologic, or pathologic feature because of their…
Key Points ■ Bone tumors present with pain, swelling, pathologic fracture, or loss of use or as an incidental finding. ■ Urgent investigations of plain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, or computed tomography are required with formal diagnostic core biopsy. ■…