The inferior vena cava (IVC) and its tributaries are frequent sites of vascular pathology. Diseases of organs that drain into the IVC may first become clinically apparent when the cava becomes involved. IVC imaging and intervention are prominent components of…
The kidneys receive almost 15% of the cardiac output, although they account for less than 5% of the total body mass. Obstructive arterial diseases of the kidney have both functional (e.g., decreased creatinine clearance) and hormonal (angiotensin-mediated hypertension) implications. There…
The arterial anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract is the most variable of all vascular beds. In addition, there is great diversity in the types of diseases that involve the gastrointestinal arteries and organs. Many visceral disorders, vascular and otherwise, can…
The abdominal aorta and pelvic arteries supply blood to all of the structures below the diaphragm. The pathologic processes that involve these vessels are varied and have major morbidity. This chapter covers aortic-iliac arterial diseases, including the male and female…
Thoracic aortic diseases can be among the most challenging vascular problems to manage. The organs that are supplied directly by this segment of aorta (heart, brain, and spine) are intolerant of ischemia for more than a few minutes. Flow disturbances…
The lungs receive blood from both ventricles—the entire volume of the right heart and also a small fraction of blood from the left heart (via the bronchial arteries). Functionally, the lungs have two roles: oxygenation of venous blood and filtration…
The veins of the neck, arms, and chest are visited frequently by interventional radiologists. Placement of long-term central venous access catheters is a common yet essential procedure. The upper extremity veins are of critical importance for dialysis patients, whether they…
Arterial disease is diagnosed less often in the upper than in the lower extremities, but unusual pathologies such as vasculitis, entrapment syndromes, and trauma are more common. This makes upper extremity arterial diagnosis challenging and intervention interesting. Normal and Variant…
The organ at risk from carotid and vertebral artery disease is the brain. Central nervous system ischemia can be severely debilitating and even lethal. Vascular imaging has a major role in the diagnosis of all aspects of cerebrovascular disease. Catheter-based…
Percutaneous vascular interventions can be grouped into those that improve or occlude the lumen and those that implant or remove things. The fundamentals of each of these interventions are the same across most of the vascular system. This chapter describes…