Objectives On completion of this chapter, you should be able to : Define and use terms for anatomic directions Discuss the body systems and their functions Know the terms for the body planes Describe and locate the abdominal quadrants and…
Objectives On completion of this chapter, you should be able to: Discuss the history of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in sonography Define Occupational Safety and Health Administration and discuss its role in sonography Define common types of work-related injury for sonographers…
Objectives On completion of this chapter, the reader should be able to: Discuss nonscanning aspects of being a sonographer Define patient-centered care Describe patient transfer techniques Demonstrate proper placement of a blood pressure cuff on the arm Discuss the importance…
Objectives On completion of this chapter, you should be able to: Describe the role of the sonographer and the career path Know the historical developments in medical ultrasound List the basic principles and terminology of medical ultrasound Identify the transducers…
In this chapter, we discuss the embolization of the most common hypervascular tumors and vascular lesions occurring at the skull base (i.e., the juvenile angiofibromas [JAFs], paragangliomas [PGLs], dural arteriovenous fistula [DAVF], and traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula [CCF]). Other rare diseases…
Introduction Most tumors affecting the skull base result from hematogenous spread of primary malignancies outside the skull base (hematogenous bone metastases) or from direct invasion or perineural spread of neoplasms arising from neighboring structures of the suprahyoid neck. As the…
Introduction The skull base is a bony-cartilaginous structure, oriented in the axial plane, providing a barrier between the intracranial compartment and the extracranial head and neck. It is pierced by several neurovascular foramina, which provide a crossroad for disease to…
The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) supports the head and enables its flexion and rotation in three dimensions. It has a complex anatomic structure consisting of the vertebral column, paraspinal soft tissue, ligaments, and joints between the clivus, occipital bone, foramen magnum,…
The jugular foramen is a complex bony canal containing neurovascular structures deep in the skull base. It is inaccessible to direct clinical examination and difficult to access surgically because of the surrounding critical structures. Radiology plays a central role in…
Introduction The cerebellopontine angle (CPA) cistern is a subarachnoid space within the posterior cranial fossa. About 6%–10% of all intracranial masses are found in this location. Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) are the most commonly encountered lesion in the CPA, followed by…