Skeletal “don’t touch” lesions are those processes that are so radiographically characteristic that a biopsy or additional diagnostic tests are unnecessary. Not only does the biopsy result in unnecessary morbidity and cost, but in some instances a biopsy also can…
Radiology residents have difficulty dealing with malignant bone tumors, and the difficulty gets worse in the years after residency. This is simply because malignant bone tumors, thankfully, are not very common. Nevertheless, every radiologist will encounter one or two a…
A benign, bubbly lytic lesion of bone is probably one of the most common skeletal findings a radiologist encounters. The differential diagnosis can be quite lengthy and is usually given on an “Aunt Minnie” basis (I know that’s Aunt Minnie…
Before beginning to learn how to interpret pathologic skeletal films, it is important to briefly consider unnecessary skeletal radiographic examinations. Dr. Ferris Hall from Boston first brought to my attention the idea that just because we could x-ray something didn’t…
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Ankle and Foot Anatomy Osseous Anatomy The ankle joint is a hinged synovial articulation between the talus and the distal tibia and fibula ( Fig. 8.1 ). Inferiorly, the talus articulates with the calcaneus through three facets, joined by the…
Knee Anatomy The knee is a synovial joint that consists of hyaline cartilage articulations between the femur, the tibia, and the patella ( Fig. 7.1 ). The menisci are C-shaped fibrocartilage structures between the femur and the tibia ( Fig.…
Hip and Thigh Anatomy The hip joint is a synovial articulation between the acetabulum of the pelvis and the proximal femur. The joint recess extends from the acetabulum over the femur to the level of the intertrochanteric line, just beyond…
Wrist and Hand Anatomy The wrist consists of several synovial articulations among the distal radius, the distal ulna, the proximal carpal row (scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform), and the distal carpal row (trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate). The radiocarpal joint between…
Elbow Anatomy The elbow is a synovial joint composed of three elbow joint articulations: the trochlea and ulna, the capitellum and the radial head, and the proximal ulna and radius ( Fig. 4.1 ). The elbow joint has prominent joint…