1 What is an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter? An IVC filter is a device inserted percutaneously into the IVC designed to prevent pulmonary emboli (PE) originating from lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and to maintain caval patency. 2…
1 What are the characteristics of a diagnostic catheter? Catheters may be selected for a specific application based on many characteristics ( Figure 66-1 ). Although there are numerous catheters, experience and personal preference play a large role in the…
1 What is the purpose of sedation and pain management during an interventional radiology procedure? The purpose is to enable a patient to tolerate a potentially painful procedure yet still maintain satisfactory cardiopulmonary function and the ability to cooperate with…
1 List some of the most common indications for vascular ultrasonography (US). Vascular ultrasound is commonly used to evaluate the following: Extremity deep venous thrombosis. Carotid artery stenosis. Abdominal aortic aneurysm. Renal artery stenosis. Hepatic vasculature in the setting of…
1 What are some benefits of ultrasonography (US) for musculoskeletal applications? There are multiple benefits and unique advantages that US offers in musculoskeletal imaging. US does not involve the use of ionizing radiation, which is especially attractive when imaging pediatric…
1 List some of the most common indications for abdominal ultrasonography (US). Abdominal, flank, and/or back pain. Abnormal laboratory values (e.g., abnormal liver function tests). Palpable abdominal mass. Signs or symptoms referred from abdomen (e.g., jaundice or hematuria). 2 What…
1 What is the basic normal anatomy and sonographic imaging appearance of the thyroid gland? The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located in the anterior neck, just below the thyroid cartilage and anterior to the trachea. It extends posteriorly…
1 What is a “level II” obstetric ultrasound examination, and what elements of fetal anatomy are included? A level II obstetric ultrasound examination is a comprehensive real-time ultrasonography (US) evaluation of fetal anatomy to detect fetal anomalies, whereas a level…
1 What are the indications for obstetric ultrasonography (US) in the second (and third) trimester? There are numerous indications for US imaging in the second (and third) trimester, the most common ones including screening evaluation of fetal anatomy; screening for…
1 What are the indications for ultrasonography (US) in the first trimester? First-trimester US is commonly performed for both symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant patients for a variety of reasons, including: Confirmation, dating, and assessing viability of an intrauterine pregnancy, especially…