Among the wide range of injuries that occur in the sports arena, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a health problem that has garnered increasing public awareness during recent years. This heightened interest has been largely driven by intense media exposure,…
Spine injuries in athletic events are uncommon, representing only 9% of the total spine injuries presenting to trauma centers. Spine injuries are potentially catastrophic events for the participants; these injuries can lead to significant morbidity and can alter a life…
Along with a comprehensive history and physical examination, imaging is essential for the evaluation of the patient who presents with suspected or known spine pathology. It facilitates preoperative assessment of a patient, generation of a differential diagnosis, selection of the…
Head Anatomy and Biomechanics Head injuries have multiple mechanisms, which include the injuries from an impact of the brain against the inside of the skull ( Fig. 123.1 ). A coup injury occurs when the brain strikes the inner skull…
Introduction The complexity of the central nervous system (CNS) as well as the bones and soft tissues that provide its protection present special challenges when treating the injured athlete. A thorough understanding of the normal anatomy and biomechanics of the…
Great caution must be exercised in dealing with forefoot problems, particularly in athletes. Although the outcomes are the same as in nonathletes, even a small decrease in performance may prove to be very significant for an athlete. Therefore with certain…
Posterior Heel Pain Pain in the posterior, superior portion of the calcaneus may be multifactorial, ranging from retrocalcaneal bursitis, enlargement of the superior bursal prominence of the calcaneus, insertional Achilles tendinosis, to inflammation of an adventitious bursa between the Achilles…
Osteochondral Injuries and Defects in the Foot and Ankle Osteochondroses of the foot and ankle are found in multiple locations, including the talus, tibia, metatarsals, navicular, cuneiforms, and calcaneus. The cause of osteochondrosis is varied and complex, and has been…
Anterior Tibial Tendon Injuries Acute injuries to the anterior tibial tendon are uncommon and are often the result of open injuries or lacerations. Chronic ruptures are decidedly more common, but they usually occur in an older population either as a…
The ankle is a highly specialized joint that allows us to propel ourselves in an efficient manner during multiple activities. The mortise shape facilitates transmission of 1.5 times the body weight when walking, and up to four times the body…