At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lead to a cluster of infections in Wuhan. China. The disease caused by this virus was designated as coronavirus-disease-2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization…
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with a number of hematologic complications throughout the course of the disease. To a certain extent, these complications depend on the stage of the disease and how well controlled HIV infection is but…
Hematologic abnormalities are commonly seen among patients with malignancy. These derangements range from the incidental to the life-threatening and may complicate management or prompt the initiation of additional or alternative therapies. Hematologic abnormalities can be seen as the initial manifestation…
The hematologic system is intricately connected to other vital organs. There are multiple pathways that affect the red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells, platelets, and hemostasis. This chapter will discuss the hematologic abnormalities encountered in liver disease, renal disease,…
Hematologic conditions are often seen during pregnancy as part of normal physiology and complications of varying severity. The primary physiologic, hematologic changes during pregnancy relate to the expansion of plasma volume and the prothrombotic state that develops as the pregnancy…
The neonatal and pediatric stages are periods of rapid physiologic changes, some of which affect the hemostatic system. The hemostatic system is a dynamic system that evolves gradually from birth into the mature adult form. Evaluation of bleeding and clotting…
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent sustained cardiac arrhythmia, affecting approximately 3% of adults worldwide. Its prevalence and incidence are rising continuously with the increasingly aging population. AF is associated with impaired prognosis, increased risk of all-cause mortality, stroke,…
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an important manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis with significant morbidity and mortality.PAD affects the lower extremities and is defined as a stenosis or occlusion in the aorta or the arteries supplying blood to the legs, including…
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) leads to millions of hospital admissions worldwide each year and is a leading cause of death. Antithrombotic therapies are a cornerstone in the immediate and long-term management of ACS, reducing the risk of myocardial infarction (MI)…
Stroke is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide and a leading cause of acquired adult disability. Primary stroke subtypes include ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Each stroke subtype has differing etiologies, outcomes, and management strategies.…