Questions Q52.1 What are the primary epidermal and dermal effects from α-hydroxy acids (AHA) that lead to clinical benefit in various cutaneous disorders? ( Pg. 586×2 ) Q52.2 What are examples of the polyhydroxy acids (PHA), and what advantage do…
Questions Q51.1 What are the major scalp conditions commonly treated with therapeutic shampoos? (Pg. 576) Q51.2 What is the evidence for the role of Pityrosporum yeast in the pathogenesis of seborrheic dermatitis, and which shampoo ingredients reduce its growth? (Pg.…
Questions Q50.1 What are the key concepts covered by the most recent US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) monographs on sunscreens? (Pg. 566) Q50.2 Concerning ultraviolet B (UVB) filters, (1) which are the two most potent current UVB absorbers (filters),…
Questions Q49.1 Which cells in the skin have vitamin D receptors? In the most general sense, what is the biologic impact of vitamin D on these cells? (Pg. 557) Q49.2 What are the major steps (and sites in the body)…
Questions Q48.1 Concerning the mechanism of action for topical tacrolimus and pimecrolimus, what aspects are the most applicable to patients with atopic dermatitis? (Pgs. 550, 554) Q48.2 What is/are the official indication(s) for topical calcineurin inhibitors from (1) the US…
Questions Q47.1 What is the evidence for the success of topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the treatment of actinic keratoses? (Pg. 543) Q47.2 How should topical 5-FU be used to treat nonmelanoma skin cancer? (Pg. 543) Q47.3 Which inherited enzyme deficiency…
Questions Q46.1 Concerning topical retinoids in this chapter, what are (1) the three naturally occurring retinoids, (2) the three synthetic retinoids, and (3) the metabolic differences likely because of this distinction? (Pg. 529, Table 46.1 ) Q46.2 Which of the…
Questions Q45.1 What is the procedure for performing the Stoughton vasoconstriction assay, and how does this assay assess the potency of topical corticosteroid (TCS) molecules? (Pg. 512) Q45.2 How does the vehicle affect the potency of TCS? What are the…
Questions Q44.1 What is the mechanism of action for (1) permethrin, (2) ivermectin, (3) malathion, and (4) spinosad? (Pgs. 506, 507, 508) Q44.2 What is the first-line treatment for patients with scabies? (Pg. 506) Q44.3 What is the permethrin treatment…
Questions Q43.1 What are the main steps for the mechanism of action for (1) acyclovir, and (2) penciclovir? (Pgs. 494, 496) Q43.2 What is the relative sensitivity of (1) acyclovir, and (2) penciclovir for various viruses in the human herpesvirus…