Risk 3.4– 11% of medical ICU admissions 12–33% of multiple-organ dysfunction pts Perioperative Risks With predisposing conditions (e.g., hepatic insufficiency), risk of developing or exacerbating metabolic encephalopathy Increasing severity of preexisting encephalopathy Worry About Worsening hepatic insufficiency causing hepatic encephalopathy…
Risk Chronic Htn, renal disease (particularly end-stage renal disease), malignancy, sympathomimetic drugs, and a history of transplantation and immunosuppressive therapies Perioperative Risks Increased risk of myocardial ischemia, ventricular dysrhythmias, HF, aortic dissection, cerebral hemorrhage, coma, long-term neurologic disability, renal failure,…
Risk Age; animal contact and occupational exposure to animals; ingestion of raw, partially cooked meat, fish, reptiles, or unpasteurized milk; insect contact; laboratory workers; healthcare workers; person-person transmission; recent vaccination and unvaccinated status; season (late summer/early fall, winter); travel and…
Risk Incidence in USA: 4.7 million. Prevalence, incidence, and mortality increase with age. Higher in males than females. Higher in whites than nonwhites. Perioperative Risks Intraop bronchospasm N 2 O expansion of bullae Postop respiratory failure Postop pulm infection Worry…
Risk 8% of all CHD pts. 11% of pts with intracardiac or aortopulmonary shunt, allowing continuous exposure of pulm vasculature to systemic arterial pressure. VSD is the most common lesion. Perioperative Risks High risk of cardiovascular complications when undergoing noncardiac…
Risk EDS has an overall incidence of 1:10,000-25,000, with no ethnic predisposition. Six major subtypes, each with slightly different and unique phenotypes. Symptoms involve skin, ligaments, joints, and vessels. Perioperative Risks Valvular abnormalities or major vessel dissection/aneurysm Unstoppable bleeding Pneumothorax…
Risk Incidence varies from 0.01–0.1% of pregnancies in developed countries. Occurs in 1–3% of pts with preeclampsia. Risk factors include age <20 y old, nulliparity, anemia, diabetes, and preexisting heart disease. Perioperative Risks Eclampsia is a factor in approximately 10%…
Risk Men approximately equal to women. Echinococcus granulosus causes cystic echinococcosis (hydatid disease) in people exposed to feces of dogs and other canids in endemic areas of nearly every continent. E. multilocularis causes alveolar echinococcus in people exposed to feces…
Risk Incidence: Rare; <1:200,000 live births Accounts for <1% of congenital heart disease Perioperative Risks Arrhythmias (approximately 20–25% incidence of accessory pathways) Intracardiac shunting Cyanosis and associated problems (e.g., polycythemia, hyperviscosity, altered vascular function, impaired cardiopulmonary performance) Ventricular volume overload…
Risk Incidence 1:5000–10,000 live births Male to female incidence is equal Trisomy 21 in 20–30% 45% are premature infants of pregnancy complicated by polyhydramnios Incidence of polyhydramnios 32–81% Mortality 3–5%; due not to duodenal atresia but to associated CHD or…