Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a device-based, electrical therapy for heart failure (HF) that has been available in clinical practice for the last quarter century. Delivery of CRT via biventricular (BiV) pacing has been validated in multiple large-scale randomized controlled…
Key Points Percutaneous access to the pericardial space has improved our ability to characterize and modify arrhythmogenic epicardial scar substrates. Knowledge of pericardial anatomy and relevant surrounding structures is important for reducing and recognizing complications. Although implementation of epicardial mapping…
Introduction The term electrocardiogram was first coined by Einthoven at the Dutch Medical Meeting of 1893. In 1901, he successfully developed a new string galvanometer with very high sensitivity, which he used in his electrocardiograph. His device weighed 600 pounds…