Craniopharyngiomas are benign tumors originating from squamous epithelial remnants of Rathke pouch that can arise anywhere along the axis from the nasopharynx to the hypothalamus. , Their consistency can be cystic, solid, or a combination of both, and there is…
Acknowledgements We are indebted to Karam Asmaro, MD, and Nyall London, MD, PhD, for preparing the surgical video presented. Introduction The lateral cavernous sinus is bounded medially by the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA), laterally by the…
© 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Please note that the copyright for the original figures submitted by the contributors is owned by Contributors. Introduction Over the past decades, the indications for endoscopic endonasal surgery expanded to include benign and…
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© 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Please note that the copyright for the original figures submitted by the contributors is owned by Contributors. Pathogenesis and Molecular Biology of Chordoma Chordomas are rare primary bone tumors with an annual incidence…
Please access Videos to view the corresponding videos for this chapter. Introduction and Background The approaches to the skull base via the paranasal sinuses were introduced in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Tumors of the sellar region were…
The infratemporal fossa (ITF) is a potential space bounded superiorly by the greater wing of the sphenoid and the temporal bone. Neurovascular foramina, including the carotid canal, jugular foramen, foramen spinosum, foramen ovale, and foramen lacerum, connect the ITF with…
Introduction The cricopharyngeus muscle is the major component of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES). The cricopharyngeus muscle is innervated by the pharyngeal plexus, which is composed of contributions from the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves. Increasing evidence suggests that contributions from…
Introduction Medialization laryngoplasty or thyroplasty type I was first described and later popularized by Ishiki during the 1970s. Netterville first reported on the immediate medialization of the true vocal fold following skull base or head and neck surgeries involving the…
Introduction As endoscopic skull base surgery has evolved, the nasoseptal flap (NSF) has become the preferred vascular flap for the reconstruction of skull base defects. Similar to external approaches, the objectives of skull base reconstruction are to separate the sinonasal…